Backgrounds/aims: Staining of internal limiting membrane with indocyanine green (ICG) has been reported to be associated with postoperative atrophic retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) change. Here the authors examined whether removing sodium from the solvent reduces ICG induced RPE cytotoxicity. Methods: Human RPE cells were exposed to ICG (0.25 and 0.025 mg/ml) reconstituted with balanced salt s...

a floating polymer-supported photocatalyst based on polystyrene impregnated with titaniumdioxide particles was developed using a facile solvent-cast method at ambient temperature. the preparedphotocatalysts were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy. the photocatalytic activity of the developed photocatalysts was investigated...

introduction: retreatment is performed in teeth with unsuccessful root canal therapy or persistent apical lesion. the most important factor for achieving successful retreatment is thorough cleaning and reshaping. niti files and rotary instruments are widely used for the removal of obturatants. this study compared the ability of mtwo and d-race retreatment systems to remove residual gutta-percha...

To separate both copper and 2,2',2'',2'''-(ethane-1,2-diyldinitrilo)tetraacetic acid (EDTA) from the waste electroless plating solution by solvent extraction, liquid–liquid equilibria of copper-EDTA complex unbound EDTA ion were experimentally measured. An organic tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride (TOMACl) was used as solvent. The kerosene TOMACl could extract complexes ions model wastewater. ...

Propyl sulfonic SBA-15 catalysts are of great interest in several fields chemistry and have exhibited high activity towards numerous reactions. Nonetheless, the incorporation these functional groups on silica poses challenges. Grafting techniques may conduct to a non-uniform dispersion surface. Co-condensation precursor during synthesis overcomes this drawback, but requires longer syntheses it ...