Panibacillus sp. strain JCM 10914 is a xylanolytic alkaliphile isolated from the gut of a soil-feeding termite. Its draft genome sequence revealed various genes for hydrolytic enzymes and will facilitate studies on adaptation to the highly alkaline gut environment and its role in digesting soil organic matter in the gut.

Paradoxically, symbiotic dinitrogen (N2 ) fixers are abundant in nitrogen (N)-rich, phosphorus (P)-poor lowland tropical rain forests. One hypothesis to explain this pattern states that N2 fixers have an advantage in acquiring soil P by producing more N-rich enzymes (phosphatases) that mineralise organic P than non-N2 fixers. We assessed soil and root phosphatase activity between fixers and non...

BACKGROUND Olive pomace, as the main by-product of the olive oil industry, is recently recycled as fermentation substrate for enzyme production. OBJECTIVES Actinobacteria isolates were separated from an Algerian soil under olive pomace cultivation and were evaluated for their lignocellulolytic enzymes production. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolates of Actinobacteria were separated from soils aro...

The present investigation was executed with an objective to study the effects of Co stress in Arachis hypogaea L. with special emphasis on antioxidant enzymes activities which are the defense mechanism to any type of abiotic stress. In this we have analysed the effect of cobalt (Co) stress on antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase) of Arachis hypogaea L. were...

Sugar-cane bagasse (SCB) is used for pectinases production from Thermomyceslanuginosus at 55°C under solid-state fermentation (SSF).The study aims to purify total PNL and PL enzymes produced from SCB as the sole carbon source at 55°C using microbial fermentation technology, and to evaluate the fermented bagasse residuals as fertilizer for the purpose of combatting soil desertification and then ...

In soils halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) are cycled through the transformation of inorganic halides into organohalogen compounds and vice versa. There is evidence that these reactions are microbially driven but the key enzymes and groups of microorganisms involved are largely unknown. Our aim was to uncover the diversity, abundance and distribution of genes encoding for halogenat...

Carbapenemases are bacterial enzymes that hydrolyze carbapenems, a group of last-resort β-lactam antibiotics used for treatment of severe bacterial infections. They belong to three β-lactamase classes based amino acid sequence (A, B, and D). The aim of this study was to elucidate occurrence, diversity and functionality of carbapenemase-encoding genes in soil microbiota by functional metagenomic...

With the increased interest in integrated soil bioecosystem studies, there is a need to have a method of measuring overall microbial activity potential. Hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate [3 0,6 0-diacetylfluorescein (FDA)] has been suggested as a possible method because the ubiquitous lipase, protease, and esterase enzymes are involved in the hydrolysis of FDA. Following hydrolysis of FDA, fl...

Although it is increasingly being recognized that roots play a key role in soil carbon (C) dynamics, the magnitude and direction of these effects are unknown. Roots can accelerate soil C losses by provisioning microbes with energy to decompose organic matter or impede soil C losses by enhancing microbial competition for nutrients. We experimentally reduced belowground C supply to soils via tree...

Phosphatase enzymes regulate organic phosphorus (P) turnover in soil, but a clear understanding remains elusive. To investigate this, phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase activities were determined by using para-nitrophenol (pNP) analogue substrates in a range of temperate pasture soils from England and Wales. Substrate-induced phosphatase activity ranged between 2.62 and 12.19 micromol pN...