in order to evalutate the efficieny of green and farmyard manure and biofertilizers either separated or integrated on nitrogen dynamics in soil, leaves and grains in corn (zea mays l.), an experiment was conducted at 2009 cropping season. experiment was arranged in split split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates. main plots were three levels of green manure (con...

[1] On hillslopes the balance between soil transport and production determines local soil thickness and the age distribution of particles that comprise the soil (where age refers to the time elapsed since detachment from bedrock). The mean of this age distribution is defined as the residence time, and in a landscape with time-invariant topography (i.e., morphologic steady state), the spatial un...

Soil biological activity was calculated on a daily basis, using standard meteorological data from African weather stations, a simple soil water model, and commonly used assumptions regarding the relations between temperature, soil water content, and biological activity. The activity factor r(e_clim) is calculated from daily soil moisture and temperature, thereby taking the daily interaction bet...

[1] Soil moisture (SM) at the local scale is required to account for small-scale spatial heterogeneity of land surface because many hydrological processes manifest at scales ranging from cm to km. Although remote sensing (RS) platforms provide large-scale soil moisture dynamics, scale discrepancy between observation scale (e.g., approximately several kilometers) and modeling scale (e.g., few hu...

Soils represent a large carbon pool, approximately 1500 Gt, equivalent to almost three times the quantity stored in terrestrial biomass and twice the amount stored in the atmosphere. Any modifi cation of land-use or land management can induce variations in soil carbon stocks, even in agricultural systems that are perceived to be in a steady state. Th ese modifi cations also alter soil macrofaun...

Soil moisture influences and is influenced by water, climate, and ecosystem conditions, affecting associated ecosystem services in the landscape. This paper couples snow storage-melting dynamics with an analytical modeling approach to screening basin-scale, long-term soil moisture variability and change in a changing climate. This coupling enables assessment of both spatial differences and temp...

Using a stochastic differential equation (SDE) approach, we examine the dynamics of the continental-scale water balance in the central United States. Whitenoise and colored-noise versions of the model are developed based on analysis of atmospheric data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis project and long-term records of precipitation and soil moisture. Improv...

Rainfall, topography and soil characteristics are considered to control spatial redistribution of phosphorus in catchments. To advance this research, a hydrology model is needed to describe spatial variation of soil moisture dynamics and runoff source areas in multiple runoff events. This study examined whether the spatially distributed, topographically based rainfall-runoff model, TOPMODEL pro...

Carbon sequestration in soil has emerged as a technology with significant potential to help stabilize atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases at non-threatening levels. Methods are thus needed to evaluate and recommend soil carbon sequestration practices based on their effects on carbon dynamics and environmental quality. There is scientific and practical consensus that simulation models...