In this doctoral thesis (Amsterdam, 1990), parts of which were published before as articles, it is argued "that far more facts about revolutions and collective violence exist on file than we can cogently explain, and that this predicament owes to fallacies of concept, theory, and method namely, essentialism in defining 'revolution', reliance on the volcanic model to explain it, and resort to 'i...

Neurobiological advances appear critical for explicating individual differences in attitudes, values, behaviors, cognition and evaluation, but only recently has the neurobiological tool kit been applied to questions of interest in international relations. In this review, we first provide an overview of historical approaches from two domains of enduring interest to the field: leadership and poli...

We analyze whether exposure to state violence affects substance use at the individual level. In doing so, we bring together political science and public health literatures on effects of violence, analyzing an outcome that is neglected in a type remains understudied health. leverage unique panel study, Population Council’s Survey Young People Egypt (SYPE), test rates are higher among those who w...

The emancipation of women is not an act of charity, the result of a humanitarian or compassionate attitude. The liberation of women is a fundamental necessity for the Revolution, the guarantee of its continuity and the precondition for its victory. The main objective of the Revolution is to destroy the system ot exploitation and build a new society which releases the potentialities of human bei...

Special class of surfaces, two-axial surfaces of revolution created by the Euclidean metric transformation of a simultaneous revolution about two different axes, is presented in the paper. Three specific subclasses of surfaces are classified with respect to the superposition of the two axes 1o, 2o of revolution. There are defined several types of two-axial surfaces of revolution specifying the ...

Biomotors were once described into two categories: linear motor and rotation motor. Recently, a third type of biomotor with revolution mechanism without rotation has been discovered. By analogy, rotation resembles the Earth rotating on its axis in a complete cycle every 24h, while revolution resembles the Earth revolving around the Sun one circle per 365 days (see animations http://nanobio.uky....

The present article studies and analyses plan and planning in Iran with respect to parameters of the idea of formation, birth, objectives, strategy and its functioning. Iran has half-a-century record of planning, and has implemented 7 constructional and developmental plans so far (5 plans before and 2 plans after the Revolution). Right now, Iran is implementing her third developmental plan. Two...