We measured the emf of a sodium ion-selective electrode in NaCl-NaHCO3 solutions (160 mmol of Na+, 160-120 mmol of Cl-, and 0-40 mmol HCO3- per liter) with a home-built cell in steady-state after 10 min and with two commercial direct potentiometric analyzers about 20 s after the sample was introduced. Substitution of HCO3- for Cl- resulted in a small decrease in emf. We calculated the effect of...

A method is described for the measurement of magnesium in biological materials and has been applied to the Unicam flame spectrophotometer SP 900. Samples were diluted in 10 mM strontium ethylenedinitrolo tetraacetate (EDTASr), 10 mM potassium carbonate, giving final magnesium concentrations of about 0.1 to 0.2 mM. The EDTASr almost eliminated the depression of magnesium emission by interfering ...

Ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ethylene carbonate (EC) is associated with the emission of carbon dioxide during polymerization, which results in polymer chains containing ether linkages besides targeted carbonate linkages. In this study, ethylene carbonate is polymerized by ring-opening polymerization in the presence of sodium stannate trihydrate as a heterogeneous transesterification cat...

In the present study the treatment efficiency of O3 and UV+O3 processes were compared for the oxidation of simulated dyebath effluent containing a mixture of a reactive dye (C.I. Reactive Blue 19) and various dye auxiliary chemicals. The color, COD and TOC removal rates were assessed for different processes. The effect of initial dye concentration and presence of sodium hydroxide and sodium car...

The aim of this work was to obtain a black coffee brew to be consumed hot by extension of its shelf life, by addition of additives. Four pH-regulator agents (sodium and potassium carbonates and bicarbonates), one pH regulator and antioxidant (sodium citrate), three antioxidants [sodium ascorbate, ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), and sodium sulfite], and lactoserum were tested by sensory a...

Considering the impacts of agricultural runoff, domestic and industrial effluents on quality many dams rivers as cited in literature, a physico-chemical study regarding water assessment Ghunghuta dam has been carried out to indicate irrigation suitability water. In present study, parameters like pH, EC, TDS, TH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, carbonate bicarbonate were estimated evaluate sodium percentage (% N...

In this work we demonstrate one-pot glycidol synthesis, via trans-esterification between glycerol and dimethyl carbonate, by making use of commercially available sodium methoxide as a catalyst. An excellent conversion (99%) remarkable yield (75%) was obtained using carbonate/glycerol (molar ratio 2:1) in the presence 3 wt% catalyst amount (with respect to weight) at 85 °C for reaction time 120 ...

The bulk etch rate for CR-39 in NaOH/ethanol was faster than those in aqueous solution of NaOH (NaOH/H2O). Furthermore, a layer of precipitate always accumulates on the surface of CR-39 detector during etching in NaOH/ethanol, which is absent during etching in NaOH/H2O. In the present work, mass spectrometry results have shown that the same etched products are present in the etchants of NaOH/H2...

Ground calcium carbonate (GCC) was modified by starch with the aid of sodium stearate and sodium hexametaphosphate. The GCC was encapsulated within the complex. The effect of the dosages of sodium stearate and sodium hexametaphosphate on the coating weight of modified GCC and the complex utilization rate were studied. The SEM images of modified GCC were compared with that of unmodified GCC. The...