Two aspects of handwashing in hospital were considered. A study was carried out to examine the contamination of bar soap and containers, and the use of antiseptic soaps in reducing the resident flora of the skin. Swabs were collected from soap dishes on six wards and from a bacteriology laboratory on four consecutive days. The unmedicated bar soap was replaced by bar soap containing 2.5% povido...

Although in principle independent of any particular messaging protocol, Web Services are primarily accessed using SOAP over HTTP in practice. As SOAP provides no message security at all, other ways of securing messages are necessary. This paper summarizes the most important security model for SOAP, WS-Security, and its related specifications. We explore the advantages of one particular approach...

Web services security specifications are typically expressed as a mixture of XML schemas, example messages, and narrative explanations. We propose a new specification language for writing complementary machine-checkable descriptions of SOAP-based security protocols and their properties. Our TulaFale language is based on the pi calculus (for writing collections of SOAP processors running in para...

Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is a specification that enables applications to communicate with other applications [2]. Two major design goals for SOAP are simplicity and extensibility. SOAP attempts to meet these goals by omitting, from the messaging framework, features that are often found in distributed systems. In addition to this, SOAP is a lightweight protocol for exchange of inform...

We have developed Open DMIX, which is an open source collection of web services for accessing, exploring, integrating, and mining remote and distributed data. Open DMIX clients interact with Open DMIX servers using a version of web services designed for high performance applications, which we call SOAP+. In this paper we describe experimental studies comparing SOAP and SOAP+ based data mining a...