Tobacco smoke is an important risk factor of gastric cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a crucial pathophysiological process in cancer development. ERK5 regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition may be sensitive to cell types and/or the cellular microenvironment and its role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process remain elusive. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a p...

Smoke inhalation injuries are the leading cause of mortality from burn injury. Airway obstruction due to mucus plugging and bronchoconstriction can cause severe ventilation inhomogeneity and worsen hypoxia. Studies describing changes of viscoelastic characteristics of the lung after smoke inhalation are missing. We present results of a new smoke inhalation device in sheep and describe pathophys...

BACKGROUND Environmental tobacco smoke has been blamed for approximately 40,000 excess deaths from heart disease annually in the United States. As yet, no pathophysiological process that could be responsible for these deaths has been identified. Environmental tobacco smoke is composed mainly of aged and diluted sidestream smoke but also contains 15% to 20% exhaled mainstream smoke. Carcinogens,...

PURPOSE Cigarette smoke is the major risk factor associated with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent studies propose a link between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and emphysema, demonstrated by increased ER stress markers under smoking conditions. Here, we investigate whether cigarette smoke-induced ER stress is cell specific and correlates with acute and ...

The chance of developing lung cancer is increased through being exposed to cigarette smoke illustrated by studies. It is vital to understand the development of particular histologic-type cancers regarding the deposition of carcinogenic particles, which are present in human airway. In this paper, the mass transfer and deposition of cigarette smoke, inside the human airway, are investigated apply...

More people are using the cannabis plant as modern basic and clinical science reaffirms and extends its medicinal uses. Concomitantly, concern and opposition to smoked medicine has occurred, in part due to the known carcinogenic consequences of smoking tobacco. Are these reactions justified? While chemically very similar, there are fundamental differences in the pharmacological properties betwe...

Tobacco smoking has devastating effects on health. The smoke damages the lungs, resulting in a diminished ability of oxygen to enter the body. Smoke long enough and eventually you will get emphysema. Various chemicals in smoke enhance the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), leading to strokes and heart attacks. One of tobacco’s chemicals, nicotine, acts directly on the b...

When a fire occurs, minimum detection latency is crucial to minimizing damage and saving lives. Current smoke sensors inherently suffer from the transport delay of the smoke from the fire to the sensor. A video smoke detection system would not have this delay. Further, video is a volume sensor, not a point sensor. A point sensor looks at a point in space. That point may not be affected by smoke...

Introduction Smoke inhalation is the breathing in of the harmful gases, vapours, and particulate matter contained in smoke. Smoke inhalation typically occurs in victims of fire caught in structural fires. People trapped in fire may suffer from inhalation independent of receiving skin burns. However, the incidence of smoke inhalation increases with the percentage of total body surface burned.1 I...

BACKGROUND The development of whole smoke exposure systems have been driven by the fact that traditional smoke exposure techniques are based on the particulate phase of tobacco smoke and not the complete smoke aerosol. To overcome these challenges in this study, we used a Vitrocell® VC 10 whole smoke exposure system. For characterisation purposes, we determined smoke deposition in relationship ...