Abstract. Usually smeared crack techniques are based on the following features: the fracture is represented by means of a band of finite elements and by a softening constitutive law of damage type. Often these methods are implemented with nonlocal operators which control the localization effects and reduce the mesh bias. We consider a non-local smeared crack energy defined for a finite element ...

Free electromagnetic fields, satisfying Maxwell's equations with no charges and electric currents, can be described by complex vector fields. In the standard formulation fields sharply dependent on position time, one obtains integrals that are mathematically ill-defined. This happens for massless Pauli--Jordan function, which is used to describe time evolution of appears in Poisson brackets cla...

We propose to investigate infrared properties of gluon and ghost propagators related to the so-called Gribov-Zwanziger confinement scenario, originally formulated for Landau and Coulomb gauges, for other gauges as well. We present results of our investigation of SU(2) lattice gauge theory in the maximally Abelian gauge (MAG), focusing on the behavior of propagators in the off-diagonal (i.e. non...