Orexin deficiency results in the sleep disorder narcolepsy in many mammalian species, including mice, dogs, and humans, suggesting that the orexin system is particularly important for normal regulation of sleep/wakefulness states, and especially for maintenance of wakefulness. This review discusses animal models of narcolepsy; the contribution of each orexin receptor subtype to the narcoleptic ...

Kidney failure affects different aspects of normal life. Among different manifestations, sleep problem can be considered as a common complaint of ESRD (End Stage Renal Disease) patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the interrelationship between sleep disorders in ESRD patients and their characteristics. Through a cross-sectional study (2010-2011), 88 ESRD patients undergoing maintena...

Sleep disorders in children can lead to considerable complications. In some mental disorders including autism, it has more importance. Despite the importance of sleep in children developments and lives, few researches have conducted in this area therefore this research is going to investigate sleep behavioral disorders in children and compare with normal children. Research design was causal-com...

one of the leading causes of death and disability in the middle east is road traffic accidents. there are multiple factors that cause these traffic accidents, and the most important of which is fatigue, drowsiness and lack of concentration. the risk of road traffic accidents due to sleepiness, which were reported by police, increased by more than sevenfold in low alertness hours during circadia...

Veterinarians increasingly face animal ethics issues, conflicts, and dilemmas, both in practice and in policy, such as the tension between clients' and animals' interests. Little has been done to measure the capacity of veterinarians to make ethical judgments to prevent and address these issues or to identify the effectiveness of strategies to build this capacity. The objectives of this study w...

Background. Insomnia and disability pension are major health problems, but few population-based studies have examined the association between insomnia and risk of disability pension. Methods. We conducted a prospective nationwide cohort study based on Swedish population-based registers including all 5,028,922 individuals living in Sweden on December 31, 2004/2005, aged 17-64 years, and not on d...

  Abstract   Background: A significant relationship between psychiatric disorders principally   depression and anxiety and insomnia is well-known in general population. Ahigh percent   of insomnia sufferers report anxiety symptoms. Anxiety is also frequently seen in   medical patients whom complaints of sleep problems are often prominent.   Method: 250 outpatients with various medical complaint...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent autoimmune chronic disease globally. The current study was conducted to determine the relationship between fatigue severity and circadian rhythm sleep disorders among Iranian MS patients.  Methods: The statistical population of this cross-sectional study included MS patients who were members of the MS Association in Khorramabad City, so...

OBJECTIVE Based on Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, it has been reported that most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients suffer from various degrees of sleep problems. Sleep disorders can affect quality of life, physical and social functioning and can also cause chronic fatigue. Some psychological and physiological factors are related to sleep quality. The purpose of the present st...

OBJECTIVE This manuscript provides an evidence-based psychometric review of parent and child-report pediatric sleep measures using criteria developed by the American Psychological Association (APA) Division 54 Evidence-Based Assessment (EBA) Task Force. METHODS Twenty-one measures were reviewed: four measures of daytime sleepiness, four measures of sleep habits/hygiene, two measures assessing...