This paper introduces the APHID (Asynchronous Parallel Hierarchical Iterative Deepening) game-tree search algorithm. An APHID search is controlled by a master and a series of slave processors. The master searches the rst d 0 ply of the game-tree repeatedly. The slaves are responsible for the bottom plies of the game-tree. The slaves asynchronously read work lists from the master and return scor...

Evidence on adverse selection in slave markets remains inconclusive. A necessary prerequisite is that buyers and sellers have different information. We study informational asymmetry on the slave markets through notarial acts on public slave auctions in Mauritius between 1825 and 1835, involving 4,286 slaves. In addition to slave characteristics, the acts document the identities of buyers and se...

A threefold inscription scratched on a tile found in the surroundings of Reggio Calabria, dating back to late 2nd century BCE, evidences for insults addressed slaves employed local pottery. Both context and abusive terms point controversy broken out among colleagues within place work. The offensive words reveal Greek-Latin bilingualism, which Latin plays role language first learned used everyda...