Metal patch test is often used in clinical settings when metal-induced contact dermatitis is suspected. However, the transdermal permeation behavior of metal ions from the patch test remains unclear. Current patch tests using high concentrations of metal salt solutions have some side effects, e.g. acute skin reactions to high concentrations of metal salt. To resolve these, estimating metal ion ...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence and the mechanisms of cineoleand terpineol on the in-vitro transdermal delivery of huperzine a from microemulsions, andtheir potential synergistic effect on the permeation enhancement. the transdermal deliveryof huperzine a from microemulsions with different concentrations of cineole and terpineolthrough the rat abdominal skin was de...

the purpose of the present study was to explore the passive and electrically assisted transdermal transport of granisetron hydrochloride (gra) in solution and gel formulation through iontophoresis and also the feasibility of delivering therapeutic amounts of drug for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. in this study, iontophoretic permeation of gra through guinea pig skin...

Disinfectants may cause adverse effects directly on the skin or systemically by permeating through the skin. In this study breakthrough times were measured for surgical gloves with chemicals which are commonly used in healthcare. Classical methods of analytical chemistry were tailored for the permeation tests, which were carried out according to the European standard EN 374 and the American sta...

BACKGROUND It has been shown that topical nanoliposomal formulations improve burn healing process. On the other hand, it has been shown that liposomal formulations increase drug deposition in the normal skin while decrease their systemic absorption there is not such data available for burn eschar. Present investigation studies permeation of clindamycin phosphate (CP) through burn eschar from l...

The aim of this study was to develop lipid nanocarriers that combine tretinoin and tetracycline for the efficient topical delivery to treat acne vulgaris. Two different nanocarriers, nanoemulsions (NEs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), were prepared, and we examined their average size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation percentage, and drug permeation via the skin. The antibacterial ac...

The ability of β-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and urea to influence the percutaneous absorption of meloxicam through isolated rat skin was evaluated. Carrier complex were prepared by kneading method in 1:1 and 1:2 in molar ratios for β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and in 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 in weight ratios for polyvinyl pyrrolidone and urea. T...

The purpose of this research was to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system containing drug heparin sodium with different ratios of hydrophilic polymeric systems by the solvent evaporation technique by using 30% (w/w) of PEG 400 LR to the dry polymer weight, incorporated as plasticizer. Different concentrations of oleic acid and isopropyl myristate were used to enhance the transder...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of α-tocopherol acetate (TA) and α-tocopherol (T), widely used ingredients in cosmetics, to cross the epidermal barrier using the neonatal rat as a model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The content of T and TA in four marketed products (A-D) and two experimental formulations (F1, F2) was investigated by HPLC. An in vitro permeation study was performed in neonatal r...

Nitroglycerin (TNG) transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) with different acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) and chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) were prepared. The effects of PSAs and CPEs types and concentrations on skin permeation and in vitro drug release from devices were evaluated using the dissolution method as well as the modified-jacketed Franz diffusion cells fitted wi...