OBJECTIVES To compare obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in World Trade Center (WTC) responders with aerodigestive disorders and snoring with non-WTC habitual snorers, and to distinguish features of OSA in a subset of responders with worsening of snoring after 9/11 from responders with previous habitual snoring. METHODS Cross-sectional comparative study of 50 WTC Medical Monitoring and Treatment P...

BACKGROUND Continuous and discrete wavelet transforms have been established as valid tools to analyze non-stationary and transient signals over Fourier domain methods. Additionally, Fourier transform based coherence methods provide aggregate results but do not provide insights into the changes in coherent behavior over time, hence limiting their utility. METHODS Statistical validation of the ...

This study aimed at investigating the effect of using smart board technology on the EFL learners' achievement motivation and willingness to communicate (WTC). The participants were 65 second grade female students from Shahid Nazari girls’ high school in Andimeshk, Iran, who were selected randomly. An OPT was administrated to the the participants to homogenize them. Other instruments were Herman...

The present study examines the direct and indirect relationships between classroom environment (CE), L2 (second/foreign language) learner emotions (i.e. enjoyment, anxiety boredom), their willingness to communicate (WTC) in classes for English as a foreign language (EFL). Participants were 2,268 university students China. Pearson correlation analyses showed significant correlations CE, emotions...

Generation of interesting narratives in a simulated dramatic story-world requires situated software agents with emotional competences. The operationalisation of concepts from appraisal theories of emotion can provide flexible roleplayers that reduce the required external macro-level control. Situatedness and the analysis of the social lifeworld of characters are the foundations of the presented...

To address the problem that dynamic wind turbine clutter (WTC) significantly degrades performance of weather radar, a WTC mitigation algorithm using morphological component analysis (MCA) with group sparsity is studied in this paper. The ground suppressed firstly to reduce compositions radar echo. After that, MCA applied and window used short-time Fourier transform (STFT) optimized lessen spect...

Willingness to communicate (WTC) in a second language (L2) is one of the key concepts L2 communication and learning. Previously, research practice this area has been more concerned with investigating relationship between individual negative emotions WTC. However, insufficient attention given wide range positive contributing This study aims address impact (positive negative) self-perceived compe...

This study explored both teachers’ and learners’ perceptions of teachers’ pedagogic strategies which may engender willingness to communicate (WTC) in an English as a foreign language class and the difference between their perceptions to detect how convergent or possibly how divergent these are. The project used a convenience sample of 300 students taking an intermediate English course and their...

willingness to communicate and motivation can be two important affective variables to cause success in language achievement. the current study aimed to investigate the role of willingness to communicate (wtc) and second language motivational self-system (l2mss) in relation to learners’ language achieve- ment. to this end, 100 homogeneous learners both male and female aged from 16 to 20 were cho...

Willingness to communicate and motivation can be two important affective variables to cause success in language achievement. The current study aimed to investigate the role of willingness to communicate (WTC) and second language motivational self-system (L2MSS) in relation to learners’ language achieve- ment. To this end, 100 homogeneous learners both male and female aged from 16 to 20 were cho...