To coincide with the introduction in the United States of the Sunshine Act, Genevieve Pham-Kanter discusses what we need to look for to fight hidden bias and deliberate or unconscious corruption. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.

Weather, in particular the intensity and duration of sunshine (luminance), has been shown to significantly affect financial markets. Yet, because of the complexity of market interactions we do not know how human behavior is affected by luminance in a way that could inform theoretical choice models. In this paper, we use data from a field study using an incentive-compatible, decision task conduc...

It is commonly stated that the climate has an impact on electoral turnout. This article aims to test this proposition that has not been scientifically proved in the French case yet. Using the last five parliamentary elections turnout data and the corresponding climatic data on the voting day, our study shows that rain has a depressing effect on turnout, whereas sunshine and high temperatures in...

BACKGROUND The concurrent impact of repeated low-level summer sunlight exposures on vitamin D production and cutaneous DNA damage, potentially leading to mutagenesis and skin cancer, is unknown. OBJECTIVES This is an experimental study (i) to determine the dual impact of repeated low-level sunlight exposures on vitamin D status and DNA damage/repair (via both skin and urinary biomarkers) in l...

The bactericidal effect of sunilight was demonstrated as early as 1878 by Downes and Blunt who reported that culture media exposed to sunlight for several hours remained sterile, wlrhile corresponding portions of the same media which were allowed to stand in shaded portions of the same room became contaminated. Tizzoni and Cattani (1891) and Wesbrook (1896) reported the killing of Clostridium t...

In the delta of southeastern Arkansas, at the National Center for Toxicological Research in Jefferson, two large laboratory rooms are bright with sunlight-not the kind that streams in through windows, but simulated solar energy from tiny lamps using an electromagnetic radiation source that closely mimics the spectrum of sunlight. There, in the heart of the new Phototoxicology Research and Testi...