The ability of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, the creatine kinase system, and exogenous ATP to suppress ATP-sensitive K+ channels and prevent cell shortening were compared in patch-clamped single guinea pig ventricular myocytes. In cell-attached patches on myocytes permeabilized at one end with saponin, ATP-sensitive K+ channels were activated by removing ATP from the bath, and could be...

In this work we deal with multilevel integrated distribution problems and in particular, we analyse the management of inventories of final goods in the distribution system. We present a survey of methods proposed in the recent literature devoted to the integration of inventory management systems. Starting from the concept of echelon inventory position we present an approach for the optimal flow...

We consider space-time trellis coded modulation in frequency selective channels. We discuss the outage capacity of space-time trellis coded modulation compared to the capacity of the underlying MIMO channel. Furthermore, we derive FIR channel shortening filters which are used as prefilters for turbo equalization in order to reduce the number of equalizer states. We show that we can compensate f...

Online auctions are gaining popularity as they provide an excellent means of selling goods. Their advantages include: reducing transaction costs, selling goods that are difficult to sell through the ordinary market channels, and increasing the circle of potential customers. This paper presents a pattern language for the Web auction application domain. The pattern language has ten analysis patte...

This paper examines the emergence of retail clusters on a supply chain network comprised of suppliers, retailers, and consumers. An agent-based model is proposed to investigate retail location distribution in a market of two complementary goods. The methodology controls for supplier locales and unit sales prices of retailers and suppliers; a consumer’s willingness to patronize a retailer depend...

Durable goods are an important component of the business cycle. Equilibrium models of durable goods markets are made difficult by the lumpy nature of individual purchases. We show that a straight forward approximation of the distribution of durable goods holdings gives rise to a tractable equilibrium model. We analyze the case of competition as well as that of a monopoly producer. J.E.L. Classi...