The Fibroscan (Echosens, Paris, France) device based on vibration–controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is used to non– invasively assess liver stiffness correlated to the hepatic fibrosis. Stiffness is quantified by measuring the velocity of a low–frequency shear wave traveling through the liver, which is proportional to the Young’s modulus E. It has been demonstrated that E is highly corre...

[1] Broadband shear wave signals from 15 deep South American earthquakes reveal small-scale variations of the D00 shear velocity discontinuity beneath the Cocos Plate. Deconvolution by average event source wavelets allows multiple event and California station combinations to be double-array stacked in 4 geographically separate reflection point bins with lateral dimensions of about 200 km. Refle...

[1] Results of an experimental investigation of the turbulent boundary layer in airflow over evolving young wind-waves are presented. The experiments were conducted in a laboratory wind-wave flume consisting of a closed-loop wind tunnel capable of generating wind speed that may exceed 15 m/s, atop of a 5 m long wave tank. Simultaneous measurements of mean wind velocity and of instantaneous fluc...

Near-surface seafloor properties affect offshore mining and infrastructure engineering. Shallow sediments experience extremely low effective stress, consequently, these exhibit very in-situ density, shear wave velocity, stiffness. We combined data extracted from the literature with new laboratory field results to develop a comprehensive understanding of shallow sediments. First, we explored sed...

Teleseismic P-wave receiver functions and surface-wave dispersion measurements can be employed to simultaneously infer the shear-wave velocity distribution with depth in the lithosphere. Receiver functions are primarily sensitive to shear-wave velocity contrasts and vertical travel times and surface-wave dispersion measurements are sensitive to vertical shear-wave velocity averages, so that the...

Receiver functions calculated from a ten-station subset of the Earthscope Transportable Array (TA) show a well-defined 45 km thick low-velocity layer atop the 410-km discontinuity (“410”) beneath the Tucson, Arizona, region. This observation is consistent with a previously detected layer of increased electrical conductivity in the same region, from which the existence a 5-30 km thick layer of p...

The D′′ region in the lowermost mantle beneath the Caribbean and Central America is investigated using shear waves from South American earthquakes recorded by seismic stations in North America. We present a large-scale, composite study of volumetric shear velocity heterogeneity, anisotropy, and the possible presence of a D′′ discontinuity in the region. Our data set includes: 328 S(Sdiff )-SKS ...