Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have reported fluid shear stress-induced increases in endothelial layer hydraulic conductivity (L(p)) that are mediated by an increased production of nitric oxide (NO). Other recent studies have shown that NO induction by shear stress is mediated by the glycocalyx that decorates the surface of endothelial cells. Here we find that a selective depletion of the ...

Cosmic shear probes the distribution of dark matter via gravitational lensing of distant, background galaxies. We describe our cosmic shear survey consisting of deep blank fields observed with the Keck II telescope. We have found biases in the standard weak lensing analysis, which are enhanced by the elongated geometry of the Keck fields. We show how these biases can be diagnosed and corrected ...

A 5th order shear deformation theory considering transverse shear deformation effect as well as transverse normal strain deformation effect is presented for static flexure   analysis of simply supported isotropic plate. The assumed displacement field accounts for non-linear variation of in-plane displacements as well as transverse displacement through the plate thickness. The condition of zero ...

Recent studies have demonstrated that vascular smooth muscle cells are responsive to changes in their local hemodynamic environment. The effects of shear stress on the expression of human protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) mRNA and protein were investigated in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Under conditions of low shear stress (5 dyn/cm2), P...

Strong vertical ground motions can significantly alter axial forces in a bridge column. Axial force variations also affect the concrete contribution to the shear capacity of a reinforced concrete (RC) member. However, the effect of axial force demands on shear capacity is a fairly complex issue since the shear demand in an RC bridge column is affected by variations in the axial force. A combine...

We investigate spinodal decomposition and structuring effects in binary immiscible and ternary amphiphilic fluid mixtures under shear by means of three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann simulations. We show that the growth of individual fluid domains can be arrested by adding surfactant to the system, thus forming a bicontinuous microemulsion. We demonstrate that the maximum domain size and the tim...

Attractive colloidal particles are trapped in metastable states such as colloidal gels at high attraction strengths and attractive glasses and high volume fractions. Under shear such states flow via a two step yielding process that relates to bond and cluster or cage breaking. We discuss the way the structural properties and related stress response are affected by the shear rate. At low rates c...

On the basis of a hydrodynamical model analogous to that in critical fluids, we investigate the influences of shear flow upon the electrostatic contribution to the viscosity of binary electrolyte solutions in the Debye-Hückel approximation. Within the linear-response theory, we reproduce the classical limiting law that the excess viscosity is proportional to the square root of the concentration...

Shear stresses are always present during quasi-static strain imaging, since tissue slippage occurs along the lateral and elevational directions during an axial deformation. Shear stress components along the axial deformation axes add to the axial deformation while perpendicular components introduce both lateral and elevational rigid motion and deformation artifacts into the estimated axial and ...