India and Russia share a vision of multipolar world, which is reflected in their cooperation within international organizations fora such as the United Nations, Russia-India-China (RIC), BRICS Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). has shown greater enthusiasm towards RIC than SCO due to its non-founder status concerns over group's creation further China's regional agenda. The expansion poten...

In 2021, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) turned 20 years old. With “Shanghai Spirit” as its guiding principle, scope of SCO’s activity has significantly expanded, recently adding India and Pakistan to members. As a result, SCO policy heavily influenced Central Asia region. response, in 2019, EU launched new strategy for Asia, adopting “connectivity” core concept. both strategies ten...