Application of two-photon selective excitation to isotope separation with high power, high resolution tunable lasers is discussed. A simple kinetic model is given to determine quantum efficiency and separation factor in terms of laser powers and relaxation constants. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme. Results indicate that a high quantum yield is obtainabl...

It is necessary to identify speckled regions in ultrasound images to control adaptive speckle suppression algorithms, for tissue characterisation, and to estimate the elevational separation of B-scans by speckle decorrelation. Previous authors have proposed classification techniques based on second order powers of the homodyned k-distribution, or lower order powers of the more limited k-distrib...

people’s participation in legislation is the highest manifestation of people’s right to sovereignty and determing of destiny of them political and social life.nowadays this kind of participation mainly is applied by legislative branch in the light of indirect democracy and entrusting this right to members of parliament and in according to principle of separation of powers. after all, exceptionl...

Parliamentary and Presidential Democracies: Which One is Best? With the exception of the United States, where a system of separation of executive and legislative powers exists, all countries that are considered to be stable democracies adopt a constitution that is, at least partially, parliamentary. A parliamentary constitution is characterized by the fusion of executive and legislative powers,...

We theoretically and experimentally study the nonlinear propagation of polychromatic light in curved waveguide arrays. We show that at moderate light powers the nonlinear self-action breaks the left-right symmetry of the polychromatic beam, resulting in the separation of different spectral components owing to the wavelength-dependent spatial shift. At high light powers a diffraction-managed pol...