Thermal management of the battery is essential for effective utilization in various environmental conditions and long-term usage. Failure controlling monitoring over-heat leads to thermal runaway which causes explosion. This paper emphasizes overheating phenomena lead-acid batteries stimulated heat situations. Heat applied until gets damaged. After damage battery, characterization methods were ...

Dr. VanderWeele has provided an insightful commentary (1) on our article (2) on the use of structural equation modeling (SEM) as a tool for epidemiologic analysis. In his commentary, he illustrates the degree to which strong assumptions are made when conducting SEM analyses. For example, as described for regression analysis, linearity assumptions are made across all relations with the outcome v...

Through 1980s, management accounting researchers described the increasing irrelevance of traditional control and performance measurement systems. The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a critical business tool for a lot of organizations. It is a performance measurement system which translates mission and strategy into objectives. Strategy map approach is a development variant of BSC in which some nece...

The metaSEM package provides functions to conduct univariate, multivariate, and three-level meta-analyses using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach via the OpenMx package in the R statistical platform. It also implements the two-stage SEM approach to conducting fixed- and random-effects meta-analytic SEM on correlation or covariance matrices. This paper briefly outlines the theories a...

FAC-SEM is a special type of multigroup analysis where the groups are structured as a factorial design. The aim of FAC-SEM is to assess how the path model parameters vary as a function of the dimensions of the underlying factorial design. As such, FAC-SEM offers researchers a unique opportunity to further understand their experimental data. This paper explains how the FAC-SEM methodology can be...

In this paper, we focus on PLS-SEM’s ability to handle models with observable binary outcomes. We examine the different ways in which a binary outcome may appear in a model and distinguish those situations in which a binary outcome is indeed problematic versus those in which one can easily incorporate it into a PLS-SEM analysis. Explicating such details enables IS researchers to distinguish dif...

Earlier workers have used only light microscopy for hair studies, but advent of SEM has made possible analysis of hairs for ultra-structural details. Mammal hairs have been examined under SEM by other workers (Hausman, 1920; 1924; Short, 1978; Riggott and Wyatt, 1980) abroad. In India, few studies are available on SEM of hairs of mammals. Kopikar and Sabnis (1976, 1977) have done some work on s...

When applying structural equation modeling (SEM) technique for analytical procedures, various issues are involved. These issues may concern sample size, overall fit indices and approach. Initiates of SEM may find it somewhat daunting in resolving these technical issues. The purpose of this paper is to highlight key issues in adopting SEM technique and various approaches available. This paper pr...