Stimuli that are clearly positive or negative (hence valence-laden stimuli) have the potential to interrupt unrelated task processing. A typical example is the emotional Stroop effect (ESE) in which responding to a certain task feature (e.g., color) is delayed by the presentation of task-irrelevant valent stimuli (e.g., negative pictures) compared to valence-neutral stimuli. Here we scrutinize ...

From the Seljuk Empire and until Turkish Republic, higher education system was based on madrasa tradition. In late period of Ottoman Empire, along with madrasa, which classic educational institution, besides military schools giving in western style, opening civil institutions, similar to university Europe, started. The first opened were French model first, country its cultural state sympathized...

in the islamic era, mausoleums were considered as the most important after mosques. constructing these buildings dates from the fourth century after hijrah, coinciding with the establishment of the earlier post -islamic dynasties in east and north east of iran. this tradition continued in later islamic periods in two basic rectangular and tomb tower types. the significant point about these buil...

Abstract. Given a doubling measure μ on R, it is a classical result of harmonic analysis that Calderón-Zygmund operators which are bounded in L(μ) are also of weak type (1, 1). Recently it has been shown that the same result holds if one substitutes the doubling condition on μ by a mild growth condition on μ. In this paper another proof of this result is given. The proof is very close in spirit...

A change in subtask order in the psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm increases the effect of stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) on the second response. We used a paradigm with cued, randomly determined subtask order to test the hypothesis that this SOA by order switch overadditivity reflects order control, via "copying" stimulus order. In Experiments 1a and 1b, overadditivity was eviden...

13-15. centuries; It was a period when political, social, and economic turmoil social conflicts were seen intensely in Anatolia. During this period, the power struggles continued violently, people of Anatolia retreated into their shells despair began to gather around Turkmen dervishes. At time literary cultural life impoverished under influence foreign cultures, it that Sufi movements oral lite...

Although dual-task interference is ubiquitous in a variety of task domains, stop-signal studies suggest that response inhibition is not subject to such interference. Nevertheless, no study has directly examined stop-signal performance in a dual-task setting. In two experiments, stop-signal performance was examined in a psychological refractory period task, in which subjects inhibited one respon...

The standard bottleneck model of the psychological refractory period (PRP) assumes that the selection of the second response is postponed until the first response has been selected. Accordingly, dual-task interference is attributed to a single central-processing bottleneck involving decision and response selection, but not the execution of the response itself. In order to critically examine the...