The period of vibration is a fundamental parameter in the force-based design of structures as this parameter defines the spectral acceleration and thus the base shear force to which the building should be designed. This paper takes a critical look at the way in which seismic design codes around the world have allowed the designer to estimate the period of vibration for use in both linear static...

It is well recognized that structures designed by current codes undergo large inelastic deformations during major earthquakes. However, lateral force distributions given in the seismic design codes are typically based on results of elastic response studies. In this paper, current code lateral force distributions are reviewed in view of the results obtained from nonlinear dynamic analyses of sev...

Masonry structures are complex systems that require a thorough and detailed knowledge and information regarding their behaviour under seismic excitations. Appropriate modelling of a masonry structure is a prerequisite for a reliable earthquake resistant design or assessment. However, modelling a real structure to a robust quantitative (mathematical) representation is a very difficult, complex a...

In existing buildings, it may be necessary to repair, adapt, renew, relocate or demolish buildings and building parts that have come the end of their usage period due spatial, functional, technical economic obsolescence. After applications extend service life is great importance analyze dynamic behavior under soil-structure interaction earthquake loads obtain accurate results. this study, seism...

China is an earthquake-prone country. In recent years, Wenchuan earthquake and other earthquakes have caused serious damage to power facilities. As the most important electrical equipment in UHV substations, transformers are facing great threat of disasters. Currently, seismic evaluation does not consider soil-structure interaction, which conducive fine design transformers. Based on structural ...

We discuss three approaches to seismic interferometry and compare their underlying assumptions. In the first approach the reflection response is reconstructed by cross-correlating the responses of many uncorrelated noise sources. In the second approach a depth image is obtained from the response of a single source, recorded by many receivers. In the third approach the Green’s function is recons...