Laser removal of particles from solid surfaces was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. A cleaning model was established for laser-induced removal of particles from solid surfaces by taking Van der Waals force, capillary force and cleaning force into account. Laser cleaning forces are induced by fast thermal expansion of particles and/or solid surfaces irradiated by laser for dry...

To address the problems of high damage rate, low seeding accuracy, and poor generally in process, a general-purpose device was designed this study based on principle mechanical pneumatic combined seeding. The air-blowing-type cleaning seed unloading laid conditions for precise flexible In addition, single-factor experiments were performed seeds (e.g., soybeans, corn, rape-seeds) with different ...

When a fluticasone propionate (FP) diskhaler is used to administer inhaled corticosteroid, it has been reported that there is considerable drug residue remaining in the diskhaler after use. The internal structure of the diskhaler is complex, and it is possible that sufficient cleaning of the device is not achieved using the attached brush. In this study, the diskhaler cleaning method was examin...

Reprocessing comprises three steps: cleaning, disinfection and-if required-sterilisation. While the extents of disinfection and of sterilisation are quantitatively defined, there are only imprecise (qualitative) definitions of cleaning. There are two main reasons for accurate cleaning. First organic and inorganic materials that remain on inner and outer surfaces will interfere with the efficacy...

As glaciers are good indicators for the regional climate, most of them presently undergo dramatic changes due to climate change. Remote sensing techniques have been widely used to identify glacier surfaces and quantify their change in time. This paper introduces a new method for glacier surface segmentation using solely Airborne Laser Scanning data and outlines an object-based surface classific...

Moringa oleifera Lam. (synonym: Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.) (M. oleifera) known in 82 countries by 210 different names is well known by the name of the miracle tree. It is one of the extensively cultivated and highly valued members of Moringaceae, a monogeneric family, comprising of thirteen perennial angiosperm shrubs and trees[1-3]. Moringa tree is endemic to the Himalayan foothills of Pak...

This paper describes the experience gained in Sweden in connection with early phase-out of CFC-113 in the production engineering industry. It concentrates particularly on the phase-out of CFC-113 in the production of PCB assemblies, although parallel applications for cleaning of precision components, metal cleaning and : to some extent the phase-out of l,l,l-trichloroethane are also considered....

OBJECTIVE Most reusable biopsy forceps and all of the currently available single-use biopsy forceps do not have a port that allows fluid flow down the inner tubular shaft of the device. Reusable biopsy forceps are widely used and reprocessed in healthcare facilities, and single-use biopsy forceps are reprocessed either in-house (eg, in Canada and Japan) or by third-party reprocessors (eg, in th...

The aim is a cleaning robot which automatically cleans the outside of windows on a facade with vertical jambs and horizontal bars. The facade has to possess certain constructive properties. This "interface" enables the cleaning robot which is detachable from the building and portable to operate on any respectively designed facade on several buildings. A special cleaning-head keeps the water use...