BACKGROUND Tortoises (Testudinidae) occur in a wide range of environments, providing important ecosystem functions, such as seed dispersal and refuge in the form of burrows. Tortoise movement has previously been shown to be related to resource availability, reproductive status and local environmental conditions. However, understanding of the variables that drive their movement remains comparati...

The degree of sexual dimorphism in a trait may be determined directly by disruptive selection, as well as by correlations with other traits under selection. We grew seeds from nine populations of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia in a common-garden experiment to determine whether phenotypic variation and correlations existed for floral, leaf and resource allocation traits, and whether this v...

legumes are the second important source of food and consumption of legumes in iran, similar to other countries, mainly due to consumer demand as human food. common bean has first ranked among legumes in the world with an annual production of 20 million tons.  in this research morphological and agronomic characteristics of 89 genotypes of bean) phaseolus vulgaris .l) were evaluated in an augment...

in this study tried to calculate attributed-based index and measurement of farmer’s attention to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seed environmental, cropping and marketing attribute and evaluate social– economical factors influencing on this index. after this estimation, effective factors have selected. related data to 102 mashhad wheat producers, iran were used for estimations poisson regression....

such as rice to weedy or red rice (Oryza spp.) (Oard et al., 2000; Gealy et al., 2003; Zhang et al., 2003). SystemSeed dormancy, a major adaptive trait in plants, facilitates the atic research is required to understand how seed dorsurvival of weeds and provides for resistance to preharvest sprouting (PHS) in cereal crops. Seventeen weedy strains and 24 cultivars of mancy and other characteristi...

The proximate composition of seeds and main physicochemical properties and thermal stability of oil extracted from Lannea microcarpa seeds were evaluated. The percentage composition of the seeds was: ash (3.11%), crude oil (64.90%), protein (21.14%), total carbohydrate (10.85%) and moisture (3.24%). Physicochemical properties of the oil were: refractive index, 1.473; melting point, 22.60°C; sap...

in this paper, the effect of two domestic seeds hydrocolloids (basil seed and sage seed gums) and one commercial hydrocolloid (pectin) on characteristics of non-fat concentrated yoghurt was studied. for this purpose, effect of different concentrations of these gums (0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2%) on physicochemical and sensory properties after 1 and 7 days were investigated and compared with control...

Disturbance plays a key role in driving ecological responses by creating opportunities for new ecological communities to assemble and by directly influencing the outcomes of assembly. Legacy effects (such as seed banks) and environmental filters can both influence community assembly, but their effects are impossible to separate with observational data. Here, we used seeding experiments in sites...