5-Diazo Meldrum's acid (DMA) undergoes a photo-induced Wolff rearrangement (WR). Recent gas-phase experiments have identified three photochemical products formed in a sub-ps scale after irradiation, a carbene formed after nitrogen loss, a ketene formed after WR and a second carbene formed after nitrogen and CO elimination (A. Steinbacher, et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2014, 16, 7290-7298). In...

This paper explores the contribution of systems modeling to the design and analysis of viability in service systems. We apply a modeling framework called SEAM (Systemic Enterprise Architecture Method) to gain an understanding of how a service system maintains its identity and remains viable in its environment. SEAM embodies theoretical insights from systems science and organizational cybernetic...

cal washability parameters were used together with the washability number and degree-of-washing parameters. A cornparison of coal washability from different regions was also a part of the. washability analysis process. Special emphasis was put on comparing the washability numbers between coal seam:,, as this parameter appears to he a better indicator of ease of washing of a coal seam. I t d...

Large enterprises need to coordinate the IT initiatives that exist in different organisational units of the enterprise. If these initiatives are not coordinated, the resulting IT system is likely to become difficult to use and expensive to develop/maintain. Enterprise architecture methods are designed for that purpose. We report on the use of a service-oriented enterprise architecture method, c...

Histogram painting is a method for applying local histogram transformations to an image without introducing discontinuities at the boundary of the transformed region. Using interactive tools similar to those found in standard paint programs, the histogram from one part of an image can be “painted” onto another. This is useful for improving the results of seam elimination algorithms in photomosa...

In this paper we present a new approach for text line segmentation that works directly on gray-scale document images. Our algorithm constructs distance transform directly on the gray-scale images, which is used to compute two types of seams: medial seams and separating seams. A medial seam is a chain of pixels that crosses the text area of a text line and a separating seam is a path that passes...

The principles of contact and non-contact sensors for robotic seam tracking arc revicwcd. Non-contacting scnsors arc bascd on either an clectromagnctic or an acoustic principle. Electroinagnctic sensors in thc low frcqucncy rcgime induce eddy currents which can bc uscd for the dctcction of surface discontinuitics. In the high frequency regimc (visual spectrum), laser light stripe systems in con...

Although failure of the seam weld on reheat steam piping has been an infrequent occurrence, such failure is still a major safety concern for fossil plant operations. EPRI has provided guidelines for a piping management program based on periodic inspection. More recently, EPRI has also sponsored research to develop inspection techniques to both improve the quality and reduce the cost of piping i...

Article history: Received: 18.6.2015. Received in revised form: 29.11.2015. Accepted: 1.12.2015. Dynamic damage evolution during coal seam pulse water infusion is simulated through secondary development of ABAQUS software in this paper in order to obtain the rule of dynamic damage evolution of coal seam around the pulse water infusion hole. It provides a new quantitative method of determining c...

Image stitching is used to combine several individual images having some overlap into a composite image. The quality of image stitching is measured by the similarity of the stitched image to each of the input images, and by the visibility of the seam between the stitched images. In order to define and get the best possible stitching, we introduce several formal cost functions for the evaluation...