In recent years, the scale of container transportation and the size of vessels are becoming larger and larger; development of automatic container cranes becomes a necessity. As a key function of automatic control of unmanned cranes, the optimum route can minimize the cycle time by calculating the most efficient combination of horizontal and vertical motions of container loading/unloading. In th...

In the chemical industry, organizational and operational human factors significantly contribute to accidents. Chemical accidents occur in various operations of industry due a range factors. Understanding relationship between these that happen is crucial preventing similar from happening repeatedly promoting sustainability. Therefore, this study was divided into five operations: maintenance repa...

..................................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................1 1.1 THESIS FOCUS .....................................................................................................1 1.2 MATHEMATICAL MODELING INTRODUCTION .....

A field study was conducted to record observations of 41,744 market-weight pigs upon arrival at a commercial abattoir to evaluate the relationships between various independent factors and open-mouth breathing, skin discoloration, lameness, unloading time, and mortality during transport. Observations were recorded from 242 trailer loads on 46 separate days over a period of 14 mo. Travel time (<2...

Modulation of force during mammalian mastication provides insight into force modulation in rhythmic, cyclic behaviors. This study uses in vivo bone strain data from the mandibular corpus to test two hypotheses regarding bite force modulation during rhythmic mastication in mammals: (1) that bite force is modulated by varying the duration of force production, or (2) that bite force is modulated b...

Production scheduling defines what products should be produced and what products should be consumed at each point in time over a short period; hence, it defines which run-mode to use and when to perform changeovers to meet the market needs and to satisfy the demand. The study presented in this Article focuses on the scheduling of the loading and unloading of crude oil in intermediate storage ta...

This paper addresses the optimization possibilities of cargo operations onboard ship in order to minimize the operational costs through optimal structure of resources required. Since the setup model consists of composite objective function with several decision variables whose solution is constrained in the field Z+, the method for direct finding of optimal solution does not lead to satisfactor...

Finite element modeling has been used to study the development of surface deformation during indentation with a Vickers indenter. A wide range of materials with different elastic modulus and yield stresses are examined. Results show that in a pyramidal indentation process, for a perfectly plastic material, sinking-in during loading can change to pile-up in unloading. This phenomenon depends on ...

Abstract We address in this paper the parallel machine scheduling problem with a shared loading server and unloading server. Each job has to be loaded by before being processed on one of available machines unloaded immediately after its processing. The objective function involves minimization overall completion time, known as makespan. This important raises flexible manufacturing systems, autom...

There exist in Europe, Korea, and elsewhere ammunition magazines under the control of the United States Armed Forces that cannot be utilized to their full capacity because of encroachment of public facilities within the full capacity quantity distance arc. This has led to interest in barriers which could be placed in magazines to prevent the simultaneous detonation of all of the contents. The U...