We describe the formation of highly uniform Quenched-carbon (Q-carbon) layers by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) followed low-energy Ar+ ion bombardment to achieve wafer-scale integration Q-carbon films. After PECVD, 9 nm and 20 thick silicon-doped diamond-like carbon (Si-DLC) films showed complete conversion into using 250eV ions via negative biasing. However, this was only p...

the rijab area with189 square kilometers is located in northwest of zagros and north of sarpol zahab city. its main skeleton is made of hard and resistive layers of shahbazan dolomite and asmari lime, that its eastern part is pressed as an anticlinorium form but its western part as a syncline form. as a result of kerend fault practice most of the tectonically activities are seen in middle parts...

In oil industries, water injection into oil reservoirs for pressure maintenance, oil displacement, and oil recovery is a common technique. Formation damage during water injection is a major problem in this process. Formation damage from the incompatibility of formation water (FW) and injection water (IW) causes a reduction in the permeability around the injection wells. Therefore, it is necessa...