frangibility and short life of textile in comparison to other cultural inheritances of iran led to disappearance of this precious object through the centuries. hence we must focus on other documents like written documents or visual representations to defining their essence. these records can demonstrate their materials quality, patterns, producing centers. the present research tries to investig...

the history of persia (iran) dates back 10,000 years. iranian history prior to the introduction of islam in 637 ad is classified as ancient persia but unfortunately, very little written evidence remains from that period. furthermore, there is little current investigative research on this period of iranian history, so it remains largely unclear, particularly in the case of medical scientific tho...

abstract the mosaic art as a decorative element in buildings enjoys several thousand years of age in egypt, mesopotamia, greece, rome and byzantium and is widely usedbut technically speaking, the earliest mosaic forms have poorly made. they were made by insertion of fruit cores or broken pottery pieces in the wet mud mortar of walls. later, the art evolved rapidly and extensively used for archi...

-the term “ta’ziyeh” refers to an iranian dramatic genre which might be compared to the western passion play and is the only indigenous drama of the entire islamic world. this ritual drama has both an islamic and a persian heritage, the central theme of which is the tragic and heroic martyrdom of imam husayn, the grandson of the prophet mohammed and the third imam of shi’ite in the desert of ka...

despite the fact that ophthalmology is one of the foremost branches of medicine, conceptualization of the structure and function of the eye barely advanced in ancient western civilizations. at the early recovery of persian civilization (9th century ad) after the extinction of the sassanid empire (7th century ad), translations of greek medical textbooks played an important role in the developmen...