We compare the deformation patterns produced by sand and a sand mica mixture (14:1 ratio of sand to mica by weight) while simulating basin fill in extension and inversion models to analyze the potential of the sand mica mixture for applications that require a strong elasto-frictional plastic analogue material in physical models. Sand and the sand mica mixture have nearly equal angles of interna...

In arid and semi-arid areas of the world, excessive mineral aerosol carried by air parcels is a common climatic incident with well-known environmental side effects. In this study, the role of sand-dust accumulation was investigated on various aspects of photosynthetic yield of Plantago lanceolata including chlorophyll (Chl) a, b, effective quantum yield of PSII photosystem (ФPSII), maximal quan...

There are several types of firing tests of cannonballs. In ground firing tests, cannonballs without gunpowder charged are fired against sand heap. When a cannonball collides into sand, the cannonball’s penetration depth, stress and sand temperature depend on the sand properties. Sand tends to become harder than before after plenty of cannonball firing. This is because kinetic energy of a cannon...

in the present study, effects of iron excess treatments (0, 250, 500 mg l-1) were evaluated in four rice varieties including shafagh, khazar, hashemi and sadri in pot condition. afterward, effects of iron excess (10 and 250 mg l-1) were further investigated in the most resistant variety (shafagh) in sand culture with yoshida nutrient solution. this experiment was arranged as factorial in rcbd w...

An algorithm for simulating wind-ripples and moving sand is extended by the detection of fixed objects. This permits us simulation and animation of sand interacting with objects like houses, highways, cactuses, etc. Sand is accumulated on the windward side of an obstacle and the sand relocation and wind-ripples formation is diminished on the leeward side. The wind shadow depends on the object’s...

Horqin Sandy Land is located in northeast China (4241’-4515’N, 11835’-12330’E). The wind-sand topography in Horqin Sandy Land can be described as two series--sand deposition and wind erosion. Wind is the natural force for the formation of wind-sandy environment, under windsandy environment, the wind erosion processes such as sand drifting, dust-storm, etc. occurred frequently because of the fre...

The major element composition, including two kinds of clay minerals and moisture content of sound-producing sand are reported for the first time. Sand from 33 beaches in Japan has been found to make sound. Ten sound-producing beaches were selected to compare with silent beach sand. Both sound-producing sand and silent beach sand are mostly composed of quartz and feldspar. The range of SiO2 cont...

Aerification and topdressing are important cultural management practices that help prevent organic matter accumulation soil compaction in golf greens. However, these result surface disruption decreased putting quality during recovery. A 2-year study was conducted on a ‘TifEagle’ hybrid bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis ) green to determine the effect of different aerification ...

the increasing need for water in the arid areas of the world has resulted in the emergence of wastewater application for agriculture and landscape. using treated wastewater in agricultural irrigation can provide more adequate supply of high quality water for human consumption, but their heavy metal applications effect must be regulated to ensure no physiological problems for both the plant and ...

This paper explores the effect of particle breakage on mechanical behavior coarse sand through 3D Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations direct shear tests (DST). The objective is to gain insights into macro- and micro-mechanical behaviors crushable sand, with a particular focus stress–strain relationship, volumetric deformation, evolution grain crushing. involve comparison between non-crush...