An investigation of the fuel heating, vapor formation, and cavitation erosion location patterns inside a five-hole common rail diesel injector, occurring during early opening period needle valve (from 2 ?m to 80 ?m), discharging at pressures up 450 MPa, is presented. Numerical simulations were performed using explicit density-based solver compressible Navier–Stokes (NS) energy conservation equa...

Aims. The behavior of the dark energy equation of state (EOS) is crucial in distinguishing different cosmological models. With a model independent approach, we constrain the possible evolution of the dark energy EOS. Methods. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) of redshifts up to z > 6 are used, in addition to type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). We separate the redshifts into 4 bins and assume a constant EOS para...

This paper focuses on the use of CO2 + SO2 binary mixture as innovative working fluid for closed transcritical power cycles with a minimum temperature above 50 °C. Starting from literature review available experimental data mixture, PC-SAFT EoS is identified suitable model to characterize behavior. Once proper thermodynamic selected this comparison between cycle and sCO2 proposed various plant ...

In patients with COPD, there is controversy regarding the association of blood eosinophil (Eos) levels with 1) exacerbation frequency and 2) the effect of inhaled corticosteroids for prevention of exacerbations. To determine whether Eos define subgroups of patients exhibiting attributes of COPD clinical phenotypes, we compared clinical features and mortality rates in COPD patients from the Init...

For non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of concrete, efficient and accurate imaging techniques are needed for a reliable evaluation of safety and serviceability of structures. Imaging of concrete structures is considered a very challenging task since it is a non-homogeneous material. In this paper, the acoustic (stress wave) technique was applied by using Ultrasonics and Synthetic Aperture Focusin...

We propose a predictive Density Functional Theory (DFT) for the calculation of solvation free energies. Our approach is based on Helmholtz free-energy functional that consistent with perturbed-chain SAFT (PC-SAFT) equation state. This allows coarse-grained description solvent, an inhomogeneous density PC-SAFT segments. The solute, other hand, described in full detail by atomistic Lennard-Jones ...

Emerging T-helper type 2 (Th2 ) cytokine-based asthma therapies, such as tralokinumab, lebrikizumab (anti-interleukin (IL)-13), and mepolizumab (anti-IL-5), have shown differences in their blood eosinophil (EOS) response. To better understand these effects, we developed a mathematical model of EOS dynamics. For the anti-IL-13 therapies, lebrikizumab and tralokinumab, the model predicted an incr...

Electrical overstress, or EOS, is a phenomenon where electrical signals applied to a circuit or a device exceed normal operating parameters. These excessive electrical signals are abnormal by definition and are not a part of normal operation of the devices. According to Intel1 , EOS is the number one cause of damage to IC components. In the broadest terms, EOS also includes electrostatic discha...

A hybrid statistical mechanical model, which is fully consistent with the bulk perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) in describing properties of fluids, was developed by coupling density functional theory with PC-SAFT for the description of the inhomogeneous behavior of real chain molecules in nanopores. In the developed model, the modified fundamental measure theory wa...