For most of managers purchasing is a strategic issue. Thus, to select the suitable suppliers has strategic importance for every company. The objective of supplier selection is to reduce purchasing risk, maximize overall value to the purchaser and build a long term, reliable relationship between buyers and suppliers. Many methods have been proposed and used for supplier evaluation and selection;...

Maternal aggression is directed towards intruders by lactating females and is critical for defense of offspring. Within-family selection for increased maternal defense in outbred house mice (Mus domesticus; Hsd:ICR strain) was applied to one selected (S) line, using total duration of attacks in a 3-min test as the selection criterion. One control (C) line was maintained and both lines were prop...

in the portfolio selection problem, the manager considers several objectives simultaneously such as the rate of return, the liquidity and the risk of portfolios. these objectives are conflicting and incommensurable. moreover, the objectives can be imprecise. generally, the portfolio manager seeks the best combination of the stocks that meets his investment objectives. the imprecise goal program...

background: the immunomagnetic separation technique is the basis of monocyte isolation and further generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. objective: to compare the efficiency of monocyte positive and negative separation, concentration of beads, and their impact on generated dendritic cells. methods: monocytes were obtained using monoclonal antibody-coated magnetic beads followed the fi...

Given string S[1..N ] and integer k, the suffix selection problem is to determine the kth lexicographically smallest amongst the suffixes S[i . . . N ], 1 ≤ i ≤ N . We study the suffix selection problem in the cache-aware model that captures two-level memory inherent in computing systems, for a cache of limited size M and block size B. The complexity of interest is the number of block transfers...

We consider the problem of collective decision-making from an arbitrary set of classifiers under Sugeno fuzzy integral (S-FI). We assume that classifiers are given, i.e., they cannot be modified towards their effective combination. Under this baseline, we propose a selection-combination strategy, which separates the whole process into two stages: the classifiers selection, to discover a subset ...

This paper presents some theoretical convergence characteristics of Keep-Best Reproduction (KBR), a selection strategy for genetic algorithms (GAs). We have previously introduced KBR and reported encouraging results in the traveling salesman domain (Wie98a) where KBR was compared with the standard replacement strategy of replacing the two parents by their two children (STDS). Here we demonstrat...

Spinosad is a new and highly promising insecticide with efficacy against a wide range of insects, including houseflies. Selection of the field collected houseflies produced a highly spinosad resistant (>150fold) strain of housefly following 10 generations of selection. Spinosad resistance was a recessive trait linked to autosome 1 which could not be overcome with the insecticide synergists pipe...

Seven years after the introduction of genomic selection in the United States, it is now possible to evaluate the impact of this technology on the population. Selection differential(s) (SD) and generation interval(s) (GI) were characterized in a four-path selection model that included sire(s) of bulls (SB), sire(s) of cows (SC), dam(s) of bulls (DB), and dam(s) of cows (DC). Changes in SD over t...

Natural selection operating on amino acid substitution at single amino acid sites can be detected by comparing the rates of synonymous (r(S)) and nonsynonymous (r(N)) nucleotide substitution at single codon sites. Amino acid substitutions can be classified as conservative or radical according to whether they retain the properties of the substituted amino acid. Here methods for comparing the rat...