rumen is a persistent and specific ecosystem consists of bacteria, protozoa and fungus where feed fermentation takes place in it. produced hydrogen in rumen can be used in the synthesis of the volatile fatty acids and the microbial protein and its excess would be eliminated through the production of methane by methanogenesis. nutritionists have tried to find ways to decrease loss and energy and...

Degradation of plant N in the rumen results in the formation of ammonia-N and NAN. Rumen bacteria utilise these breakdown products to synthesise their cell proteins. This study was carried out to investigate the in vivo degradation of N-labelled duckweed in the rumen and the utilisation of the degradation products by rumen bacteria. We found that duckweed protein was relatively resistant to rum...

the present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using a modified in vitro gas production technique in place of the nylon bag method to estimate protein degradability of alfalfa hay in ruminants. in the in situ experiment dacron bags were filled with 3 g alfalfa hay. this was incubated in the rumen of three ruminally cannulated ghezel rams for the periods of 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16,...

BACKGROUND Rumen microbes play a greater role in host energy acquisition than that of gut-associated microbes in monogastric animals. Although genome-enabled advancements are providing access to the vast diversity of uncultivated microbes, our understanding of variables shaping rumen microbial communities is in its infancy. Viruses have been shown to impact microbial populations through a myria...

Rumen nitrogen metabolism values were estimated by the use of a single injection of 15(NH4)2SO4 into the rumen of sheep and consecutive 15N enrichment measurements in the rumen ammonia pool, rumen non-NH3-N (NAN) pool, rumen purine pool and blood urea-N (BUN) pool for a period of 24 h. Synthesis and degradation of N compounds in the rumen and passage of N to and from the rumen were evaluated on...

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of milk replacer and rumen inert fat on growth, testicular development, puberty, semen production and sperm motion characteristics of ram lambs reared under intensive management in semi-arid climatic conditions. Seven-day-old male lambs of Malpura breed (n=20) were divided equally into two groups. Up to weaning, the lambs in G1 group (contro...

The transition from normal forage to a highly fermentable diet to achieve rapid weight gain in the cattle industry can induce ruminal acidosis. The molecular host mechanisms that occur in acidosis are largely unknown. Therefore, the histology and transcriptome profiling of rumen epithelium was investigated in normal and acidosis animals to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the dis...

High concentrations of the ciliate Epidinium Crawley are associated with damaged regions of fresh plant material undergoing digestion in the sheep rumen. This finding supports that postulate that sequestration in the rumen explains the low rate of passage of protozoa despite the high flow rate of liquid from the rumen. The maintenance of Epidinium in the rumen, despite their slow growth rate, i...

Local feed resources, particularly low-quality roughages and agricultural crop-residues, are of prime importance for ruminants raised in the tropics. These feeds exhibit close relationships with rumen ecology, microbes and rumen fermentation patterns. A number of dietary factors could influence rumen fermentation especially the basal roughage source, its physical form and fermentation end-produ...