zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) is a potyvirus with a worldwide distribution. this virus causes serious economic losses in iran in many cucurbits. during 2002-2003, sam-ples were collected from squash fields in tehran province. five isolates (z1, z2, z3, z4 and z5) were inoculated on 27 species of cucurbitaceae, chenopodiaceae, amarantha-ceae,solanacae, leguminosae and ranunculaceae. chenop...

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an immunosuppressive, acute and highly contagious illness of growing-poultry stock infected with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). It is common in Pakistan, causing potential economic losses throughout the year. The objective of the study is to propose a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic tool, and compare it with existing commonly used reverse tra...

during 2010-2011, real-time pcr procedure was used to detecting fmdv rna on 147 epithelium samples from the field. in this survey, for real-time pcr from 3d gene segment as conserve region selected for tracking all of seven serotypes fmdv. the assay detected the viral rna in all serotypes of fmdv. the rrt-pcr specifically detected fmd virus in sample with greater sensitivity than our convention...

enteroviruses are the causative agents of a number of diseases in humans. group b coxsackieviruses are believed to be the most common viral agents responsible for human heart disease. genomic data of enteroviruses has allowed developing new molecular approaches such as nucleic acid sequence based amplification (nasba) for detection of such viruses. in this study, coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) was de...

abstract potato virus s is a member of the genus carlavirus in the family of flexiviridae, with curved filamentous particles 650×12 nm and positive single stranded rna genome. this virus is one of the most common viruses that infected all of potato varieties in the world. susceptible host species belong mainly to the families solanaceae, chenopodiaceae and amaranthaceae. potato virus s transmit...

Samples were tested for enterovirus by nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) (NucliSens Basic kit; BioMerieux), reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) (Enterovirus Consensus RT-PCR kit; Argene Biosoft), and virus isolation. Eighty-two samples were tested, and 44 were positive, 34 by both NASBA and RT-PCR and 5 each by NASBA or RT-PCR only. Two nasopharyngeal samples positive only by RT-...

Three methods to quantify gene transcript levels in mast cells, real-time RT-PCR, competitive RT-PCR and conventional RT-PCR analyses, were compared. Linear regression analysis on five gene transcripts revealed that the mRNA levels measured by real-time RT-PCR analysis were minimally correlated with those by conventional RT-PCR analysis. In addition, differences in the mRNA level between sample...

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a pneumovirus in the family paramyxoviridae, is an important cause of acute respiratory disease in postweaning calves and feedlot cattle. The real-time reverse transcriptase PCR protocols were developed to detect BRSV infection in infected animals. The sensitivity of RT-PCR protocols based on fusion gene were evaluated using different Mastermixes suc...