Two types of white wheat bread (high- and low-type loaves) were investigated for rope spoilage. Thirty of the 56 breads tested developed rope spoilage within 5 days; the high-type loaves were affected by rope spoilage more than the low-type loaves. Sixty-one Bacillus strains were isolated from ropy breads and were characterized on the basis of their phenotypic and genotypic traits. All of the i...

When a takeup weight is offset to the side of a conveyor, a wire rope is commonly routed from the take-up weight through a series of sheaves to the take-up carriage. The friction developed from a series of wire rope sheaves can effect the actual belt tension at the take-up carriage. Through real-time testing the actual tension on a takeup carriage was recorded with data acquisition using an int...

ARTICLE INFO In many applications it is required to control a large output load using a relatively low control force. To satisfy such purposes, device like mechanical power amplifier can be used which generally gives very fast response. As per the requirement of the system, power can be instantaneously available from continuously rotating drums of mechanical power amplifier. This project will f...

Ensuring that all the head ropes on a multi-rope friction winder share load equally has been design and maintenance issue since they were first developed. Accurate machining of rope grooves is necessary to meet this objective. Early analysis change loads for in are mismatched depth treated as rigid. Groove tolerances deduced from stringent difficult achieve practice. Test work indicated inheren...

The viscometric functions for shear flow as predicted by the inextensible reptating rope model have been analysed numerically and analytically. The results obtained are compared with the predictions of the Curtiss-Bird theory. It is shown that if the correlation length of the rope is small as compared to its contour length significant deviations from the Curtiss-Bird theory are obtained. Result...

Constructive reuse (versus degradation) of plant biomass residuals with braided twine, rope, hammocks, baskets, etc.

At low flow rate operation, Francis turbines feature a cavitating vortex rope in the draft tube resulting from the swirling flow of the runner outlet. The unsteady pressure field related to the precession of the vortex rope induces plane wave propagating in the entire hydraulic system. The frequency of the vortex rope precession being comprised between 0.2 and 0.4 times the turbine rotational s...

Magnetic flux ropes are highly twisted, current-carrying magnetic fields. They are crucial for the instability of plasma involved in solar eruptions, which may lead to adverse space weather effects. Here we present observations of a flaring using the highest resolution chromospheric images from the 1.6-m New Solar Telescope at Big Bear Solar Observatory, supplemented by a magnetic field extrapo...

Raman spectra of ordered carbon nanomaterials are quite sensitive to surface perturbations, including trace residues, structural defects and residual stress. This is demonstrated by a series of experiments with carbon nanotubes and graphene. Their spectra change due to subtle changes in preparation and attachment to the substrate and to each other. Differences are most clearly seen by forming a...