Gene sequences are routinely used to determine the topologies of unrooted phylogenetic trees, but many of the most important questions in evolution require knowing both the topologies and the roots of trees. However, general algorithms for calculating rooted trees from gene and genomic sequences in the absence of gene paralogs are few. Using the principles of evolutionary parsimony (EP) (Lake J...

Semi-hardwood cuttings of ‘Frantoio’(high rooting ability) and ‘Gentile di Larino’(low rooting ability) cultivars were obtained from one-year-old olive shoots sampled in mid-August. Semi-hardwood cuttings w e re dipped in H2O2 (0% control and 3.5% w/v) and IBA (2000 and 4000 ppm) solutions before rooting in greenhouse equipped with an automatic mist system. After 35 days, 50% of semi-hardwood c...

Adventitious root formation in plant cuttings is influenced by many endogenous and environmental factors. Leaf photosynthesis during rooting of leafy cuttings in hard to root species can contribute to supply carbohydrates to the intensive metabolic processes related to adventious root formation. Light intensity during rooting is artificially kept low to decrease potential cutting desiccation, b...

Ildole 3 butyric acid (IBA) at 8rng l i induced, vigorous rooting in Bupleurum falcatum L. (Saiko) root culture in B5 medium after about 2weeks, when it was added at the time when detached roots were transferred to fresh medium. The rooting activity markedly decreased with delay of IBA addition after root 2transplantation, and was hardly observed when IBA was added at the 7th day. Stresses such...

In forest production systems, vegetative propagation of elite clones through adventitious rooting is a common practice. In Chile, adventitious rooting is the main methodology for vegetative reproduction of Pinus radiata. However, the capability of produce adventitious roots in gymnosperms decreases with aging. While it is true that some efforts have been made to identify markers or/and regulato...

Studies have shown that rooting substrate is one of the effective factors at rooting of hard rhizogenetic plant such as Henna. The purpose of this study is to determine an appropriate concentration of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) and salicylic acid (SA) on Rooting of Henna. Present study showed that there was a great variation in most of the measured characters at P<...

As is known, hypoxia leads to an increase in microcirculatory blood flow of the skin in healthy volunteers. In this pilot study, we investigated microcirculatory blood flow and reactive hyperemia of the skin in healthy subjects in normobaric hypoxia. Furthermore, we examined differences in microcirculation between hypoxic subjects with and without short-term acclimatization, whether or not skin...

The two-layer hypothesis of tree-grass coexistence posits that trees and grasses differ in rooting depth, with grasses exploiting soil moisture in shallow layers while trees have exclusive access to deep water. The lack of clear differences in maximum rooting depth between these two functional groups, however, has caused this model to fall out of favor. The alternative model, the demographic bo...

We characterized the adventitious rooting response of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. to various concentrations of calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, manganese, zinc, boron and copper. The parameters analyzed were percent rooting, root number, root length and mean rooting time. Root number and root length were significantly affected by mineral nutrition, whereas mean rooting time and rooting perc...