Wilt-susceptible cultivar 'Rowden' cotton was inoculated wilh Meloidogyne incognita (N), Trichoderma harzianum (T), and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (F) alone and in all combinations in various time sequences. Plants inoculated with F alone or in combination with T did not develop wilt, Simultaneous inoculation of 7-day-old seedlings with all three organisms (NTF) produced earliest wil...

a factorial experiment based on complete block design was conducted to study the interactive effects of sulfur fertilizer and thiobacillus bacteria on corn growth and root colonization with two species of mycorrhiza fungi. treatments were five levels of sulfur (s0: 0, s1: 50, s2: 100, s3: 150 and s4: 200 mg.kg-1 of dry soil), thiobacillus in two levels [no application (t0) and application of ba...

The objective was to evaluate the inoculation, co-inoculation with bacteria B. japonicum and A. brasilense in combination application of N doses on agronomic characteristics soybean. design used randomized blocks a 4x4 factorial scheme, four types inoculation (absence bacteria, brasilense) (0 % = 0; 2 4.5; 4 9 8 18 kg ha-1), replications. increasing above 2% promoted reduction number nodules fo...

Background: Papaver bracteatum Lindl. Commonly known as Iranian poppy is an important medicinal plant due to the presence of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. Objective: To evaluate the hairy root culture as a novel method for thebaine production. Methods: To optimize the hairy root culture of P. bracteatum, five strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (ATCC15834, C318, A13, 9453 and A4) were used by...

The influence of various factors on reproduction of concomitant Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) and Rotylenchulus reniformis (Rr) on sweet potato were studied in the greenhouse. Reproduction of Rr was reduced by Mi at all inoculum levels and experiment durations used, while Mi reproduction was not inhibited. Both species failed to affect each other when inoculated simultaneously onto root systems de...

background: plant cell cultivations are considered as an alternative to agricultural processes for producing valuable phytochemicals (secondary metabolites). the use of plant cell cultures has overcome several inconveniences for the production of secondary metabolites. objective: the essential oils isolated from roots of 24-month-old field grown valerian (valeriana sisymbriifolium) and hairy ro...

The molecular mechanisms and the defense responses associated with partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean are unknown. In this study, we examined correlations between the expression of defense genes with partial resistance. First, to determine whether constitutive levels of expression of defense-related genes correlated with partial resistance to P. sojae, northern blot analysis of...

The incorporation of a fusion of green fluorescent protein and tubulin-alpha 6 from Arabidopsis thaliana in root hairs of Lotus japonicus has allowed us to visualize and quantify the dynamic parameters of the cortical microtubules in living root hairs. Analysis of individual microtubule turnover in real time showed that only plus polymer ends contributed to overall microtubule dynamicity, exhib...

The predominant root-knot nematode in New Zealand pastures is Meloidogyne trifoliophila, and a recurrent selection program in Trifolium repens has developed resistance to this species. No data are available, however, on the mechanisms of resistance in T. repens or resistant genotypes of T. semipilosum. The development of M. trifoliophila in roots of T. repens and T. semipilosum was examined wee...