We examine a new variant of the classic prisoners and light switches puzzle: A warden leads his $n$ in out $r$ rooms, one at time, some order, with each prisoner eventually visiting every room an arbitrarily large number times. The rooms are indistinguishable, except that has $s$ switches; win their freedom if point can correctly declare been least once. What is minimum per room, $s$, such mana...

we conducted this study to determine the risk of transmission of q fever to health care workers (hcws) during perioperative exposure to coxiella burnetii -infected thoracic endovascular aneurysm stent graft. pre-operative and 6-week post-operative phase i and ii igg q fever antibody titers were determined in 14 staff members of an operation room. the room had a negative pressure and all the mem...

To the editor: It was recently reported that influenza A was cultured in 62 double rooms at the Wisconsin Veterans Home over six seasons. The roommate was infected in 12 (19.4%). During 3,294 resident-seasons, influenza was cultured in 208 single rooms (6.3%). Those who lived in double rooms with a culture-positive roommate had a 3.07 relative risk (95% confidence interval51.61–5.78) of acquiri...

Hospitalized patients have a potential risk for nosocomial infections. Airborne fungi are one of the main causes of fungal infections in this group. The objective of this study was to investigate the concentrations and species of airborne fungi in two general hospitals in Shiraz, southern Iran. Air samples were collected from high-risk wards, using settle plate method. Fungal colonies were iden...

The anticipated delivery of an extremely low gestational age infant raises difficult questions for all involved, including whether to initiate resuscitation after delivery. Each institution caring for women at risk of delivering extremely preterm infants should provide comprehensive and consistent guidelines for antenatal counseling. Parents should be provided the most accurate prognosis possib...