in literal, geographical and historical books, one can find the names of old and historical places. writers, editors and translators sometimes make mistakes in recording the names of these places because of the destruction and ruining these places and/or changes in their names. the writers of this paper have explained and suggest some corrections related to historical and old places of balkh re...

We consider competition between two decentralized supply chains network under demand uncertainty. Each chain consists of one risk-averse manufacturer and a group of risk-averse retailers. These two chains present substitutable products to the geographical dispensed markets. The markets’ demands are contingent upon prices, service levels, and advertising efforts of two supply chains. We formulat...

A National Initiative sponsored by The Getty Art History Information Program The American Council of Learned Societies The Coalition for Networked Information This working report was developed by the Getty Art History Information Program (AHIP), an operating program of the J. Paul Getty Trust, as a joint project with the American Council of Learned Societies and the Coalition for Networked Info...

This paper explores the possible origins of some names in 1001 Nights. The names of the major characters of the Night stories, and their borrowed reflexes in Arabic, have been traced back to their ancient Persian roots. Examples from classical works are brought to argue that Shahrāzād, Shahriyār, and Dīnāzād are not only the correct forms but more suitable to the deep structure of the frame-sto...

We analyze the diffusion of rival information in a social network. In our model, rational agents can share sequentially, unconstrained by an exogenous protocol or timing. show how to compute set eventually informed for any network, and that it is essentially unique under altruistic preferences. The relationship between network structure complex because former shapes both charity confidentiality...