The social cost of carbon is the expected present value damages from emitting one ton today. We use perturbation theory to derive an approximate tractable expression for this adjusted climatic and economic risk. allow different aversion risk intertemporal fluctuations, skewness dynamics in distributions climate sensitivity damage ratio, correlated shocks. identify prudence, insurance, exposure ...

This paper addresses the design of control charts for both variable ( x chart) andattribute (u and c charts) quality characteristics, when there is uncertainty about the processparameters or sample data. Derived control charts are more flexible than the strict crisp case, dueto the ability of encompassing the effects of vagueness in form of the degree of expert’spresumption. We extend the use o...

one of the most important problems of the designs proposed by traditional economic-statistical approaches of control charts is inefficiency in the face of uncertainty. uncertainty in the parameters of economic-statistical models may lead to failure in rapidly detecting changes in processes and impose greater costs to the organization. monitoring the machining process in an automotive industry e...

controlling a system with minimum information and regardless of dynamic equations which dominate systems is the aim of intelligent control. one of the common approaches for process control is applying shewhart's quality control charts. neuro-fuzzy networks, as one of the branches of artificial intelligence (ai), can play an effective role in the enforcement of process control's common...

background: the incidence of ulcerative colitis (uc) is rising in populations with western-style diet, rich in fat and protein, and low in fruits and vegetables. in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the association between dietary protein intakes and the risk of developing incident uc.   methods : sixty two cases of uc and 124 controls were studied using country-specific food frequency qu...