PIM Protocol Independent Multicast is capable of sup porting sparse mode SM and dense mode DM op erations In sparse mode PIM can use shared trees RPT or shortest path trees SPT to deliver data pack ets One frequently asked questions was how to decide when to use sparse mode and when to use dense mode What is the criteria Another unanswered question was whether packets can be lost when receivers...

A $\ast$-ring
 $R$ is called a $\pi$-Baer $\ast$-ring, if for any projection invariant left ideal $Y$ of $R$, the right annihilator $Y $
 generated, as ideal, by projection.
 In this note, we
 study some properties such $\ast$-rings.
 We indicate interrelationships between $\ast$-rings and related classes rings as
 rings, Baer $\ast$-rings, quasi-Baer $\ast$-rings....

We propose in this paper a novel inverse tangent transverse shear deformation formulation for functionally graded material (FGM) plates. The isogeometric finite element analysis (IGA) of static, free vibration and buckling problems of FGM plates is then addressed using a refined plate theory (RPT). The RPT enables us to describe the non-linear distribution of shear stresses through the plate th...

The Na/K-ATPase is the primary force regulating renal sodium handling and plays a key role in both ion homeostasis and blood pressure regulation. Recently, cardiotonic steroids (CTS)-mediated Na/K-ATPase signaling has been shown to regulate fibrosis, renal proximal tubule (RPT) sodium reabsorption, and experimental Dahl salt-sensitive hypertension in response to a high-salt diet. Reactive oxyge...

This study compared 2 extended therapy programs for weight management with standard behavioral treatment (BT) without additional therapy contacts. Participants were 80 obese women who completed 20 weekly group sessions of BT and achieved a mean initial weight loss of 8.74 kg. Participants were randomly assigned to a no-further-contact condition (BT only) or to one of two extended interventions ...

In this paper, we present some new relationship between the divergent beam projection and the Radon transform. An application of our results is to implement the Radon inversion from divergent beam projection.

ft-sers (fourier transform surface enhanced raman scattering) of adriamycin and its complex with dna is reported. it is shown that in agreement with previous raman studies the interaction of adriamycin  with dna takes place through an intercalation mechanism. the presence of a new band at 731 cm-1 suggests that ring d of adriamycin is not involved in the intercalation process.

BACKGROUND Since 2004, treatment of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease, or Buruli ulcer, has shifted from surgery to daily treatment with streptomycin (STR) + rifampin (RIF) for 8 weeks. For shortening treatment duration, we tested the potential of daily rifapentine (RPT), a long-acting rifamycin derivative, as a substitute for RIF. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS BALB/c mice were infected with M....