Viruses may induce changes in plant hosts and vectors to enhance their transmission. The white-backed planthopper (WBPH) and brown planthopper (BPH) are vectors of Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) and Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV), respectively, which cause serious rice diseases. We herein describe the effects of SRBSDV and RRSV infections on host-selection behaviour of vector...

The effect of substitution of black glutinous rice flour for normal wheat flour on batter and cake properties was determined. Black glutinous rice flour was used to substitute 30, 50, 70 and 100% of wheat flour in a control cake formulation. Experimental data showed that pasting temperature, peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown and setback of all black glutinous rice and mixes flour sampl...

We provide requirements on effectively enumerable T0–spaces which guarantee that the Rice-Shapiro theorem holds for the computable elements of these spaces. We show that the relaxation of these requirements leads to the classes of effectively enumerable T0– spaces where the the Rice-Shapiro theorem does not hold. We propose two constructions that generate effectively enumerable T0–spaces with p...

Yukwa, a traditional Korean puffed snack made from waxy rice, has long been a popular snack item because of its unique texture and sweet flavor, which results from a coating made with honey or starch syrup (5). Some yukwa products are also coated with puffed or roasted cereal grits for added nutrition and attractiveness. Koreans have traditionally prepared yukwa for festive occasions such as bi...

Volatile organic compounds produced by the fungus Muscodor albus inhibit or kill numerous fungi. The effect of these volatiles was tested on dormant and physiologically active teliospores of the smut fungi Tilletia horrida, Tilletia indica, and Tilletia tritici, which cause kernel smut of rice, Karnal bunt of wheat, and common bunt of wheat, respectively. Reactivated rye grain culture of M. alb...

A total of 55 volatiles including esters (29, 52.73%), alcohols (10, 18.18%), acids (3, 5.45%), alkanes (8, 14.55%), and other components (5, 9.09%) were evaluated in five regions. Total concentrations 0.05–222.23 mg/L, which covered the highest (222.23 mg/L) (120.65 Turpan, acid (0.53 Shihezi, (1.43 others (3.10 Ili River valley. It proved that numbers volatile compounds, common ingredients va...

Green algae are of great economic importance. Seaweed is consumed fresh or as seasoning in Japan. The commercial value is determined by quality, color, and flavor and is also strongly influenced by the production area. Our research, based on solid phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), has revealed that volatile compounds differ intensely in the four varieties ...

To understand the role of ethylene in regulating the overall flavor of apple fruits, ethylene production or action was reduced using transgenic apple trees suppressed for ACC-synthase or ACC-oxidase enzyme activity or by the addition of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an ethylene action inhibitor. Flavor components were differentially regulated in response to the suppression of both ethylene bios...