infertility can be caused by an unexplained reduction in semen quality in males who present asnormal on physical examination and endocrine testing. there is some evidence that aberrantmetabolism of micronutrients such as choline may play a causative role in male factorinfertility. choline is a crucial factor in the regulation of sperm membrane structure andmotility, and this nutrient plays an i...

background:class ii transactivator (ciita) is a dominanttranscriptional element, controlling numerous genes in theimmune system. ciita is expressed in a constitutive pattern inantigen presenting cells although its expression can occur inother cell types. since the revelation of ciita, there have beenconsiderable advances toward understanding its role as anactivator of mhc ii genes in humans and...

aim : the aim of the present study was to determine the species and genotypes of cryptosporidium spp. among children with diarrhea by pcr- rflp using the trap-c2 gene. background : cryptosporidium is a globally distributed protozoan parasite and one of the most common causes of infection and diarrhea in humans. patients and methods : four hundred and sixty nine stool samples were collected from...

leishmaniasis include several clinical manifestations, mostly cutaneous, visceral and mucosal (1, 2). various species can lead to diverse clinical presentations. thus species identification contribute to proper management (3). localized leishmania lymphadenitis (lll) is a distinct entity in clinicopathologic field presenting with isolated lymphadenitis and possible cocomitant cutaneous lesion i...

background: endometriosis is a female health disorder that occurs when cells from the lining of the uterus grow in other areas of the body. the cause of endometriosis is unknown. objective: the purpose of this study was to investigate tp53 gene codon 72 polymorphism in women with endometriosis and compared it with healthy samples in isfahan. materials and methods: we undertook a case-control st...

background : lung cancer is still the leading cause of cancer- related deaths and most of themâ  are normally diagnosed in late stages, so there is an urgent need to establish reliable tools for the identification at early stages of the disease. in this study, we use an eleven gene signature test to examine lung biopsy specimens for diagnostic, prognostic & therapeutic purposes. methods : bronc...

objective(s): streptococcus pyogenes produces extracellular hyaluronidase enzyme. this enzyme is directly associated with the spread of the organism during infection. the objective of the present study was to clone and express the nucleotide sequence of the enzyme which is involved in hyaluronidase enzymatic activity. materials and methods: the enzymatic region of hyaluronidase gene was detecte...

resistin (retn), recently found to be relevant to inflammation and inflammatory disorders. we, therefore, aimed to investigate the potential role of retn gene polymorphism in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris with familial history. we investigated the retn-420c/g polymorphism in 180 patients with acne vulgaris and 180 healthy individuals in a case-control association analysis. in this study, we als...

anthracnose caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides s. l. is one of the most important diseases of citrus in northern iran. to study the genetic structure of c. gloeosporioides s. l. from citrusspp., infected samples were collected from three citrus cultivating regions of northern iran, during the summer of 2009. fifty one monoconidial isolates were used as the objective of rep- and box-pcr fi...