Many insects, other arthropods, and nematodes harbor maternally inherited bacteria inducing "cytoplasmic incompatibility" (CI), reduced egg hatch when infected males mate with uninfected females. Although CI drives the spread of these microbes, selection on alternative, mutually compatible strains in panmictic host populations does not act directly on CI intensity but favors higher "effective f...

In Podospora anserina, protoplasmic incompatibility (a phenomenon that prevents heterokaryon formation because of the destruction of the fused cells) can be studied in homokaryotic strains that combine nonallelic incompatibility genes or carry mutations at the lys loci. In these strains cell destruction occurs early in development and is associated with an arrest of growth.-From the self-lysing...

H uman leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching is critically important for successful hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) transplantation because the rates of engraftment and transplant outcomes are strongly influenced by the degree of match. This is largely because HLA antigens are expressed on immature pluripotent stem cells. In contrast, ABO incompatibility is not a barrier to successful HPC transp...


 Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia continues to be the commonest cause of nursery and NICU admissions readmissions in neonatal period worldwide. Although most cases are physiological, toxic levels un-conjugated bilirubin can lead acute chronic encephalopathy. Hence, this study aimed risk factors for exchange range neonates.
 Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective obse...

OBJECTIVE Any erythrocyte transfusion among humans having type A or B blood groups is impossible due to antibodies causing fatal transfusion complications. A cross-match test is performed to prevent immune transfusion complications before transfusion. Our hypothesis is that the fragment antibody (Fab) part of the antibody (incomplete antibody) may be used to prevent an immune stimulus related t...

Incompatibility in the context of blood groups is due to the binding of plasma antibody with red cell antigen, thereby causing a reaction. In laboratory tests this reaction is most commonly visualized by agglutination of the red cells. In the body, an antigen–antibody reaction can occur as an adverse consequence of blood transfusion or pregnancy, resulting in accelerated red cell destruction. I...

Aim: Indirect neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common disorder worldwide which can remain benign if prompt management available. However there higher morbidity and mortality risk in settings with limited access to diagnosis care. The aim of this study was evaluate the etiologies indirect hyperbilirubinemia, determine effectiveness phototherapy treatment specify associated factors for prolonged ...