Voice elements are those of educational texts that authors use to interact with students, such as questions, evaluations, or direct address forms (“you”). These intended enhance students’ engagement and comprehension, but we know little about the extent which they used in present-day texts. Using a corpus Dutch biology, geography, history for grade 5 8 (N=1055), this study shows voice barely di...

Reverse engineering a program constructs a high-level representation suitable for various software development purposes such as documentation or reengineering. Unfortunately however, there are no established guidelines to assess the adequacy of such a representation. We propose two such criteria, completeness and accuracy, and show how they can be determined during the course of reversing the r...