a multi‑parameter quantification method was implemented to quantify retinal vascular injuries in microscopic images of clinically relevant eye diseases. this method was applied to wholemount retinal trypsin digest images of diabetic akita/+, and bcl‑2 knocked out mice models. five unique features of retinal vasculature were extracted to monitor early structural changes and retinopathy, as well ...

The retina is a highly differentiated tissue with a complex layered structure that has been extensively characterized. However, most of the previous studies focused on the histology of the central retina while little is known about the cellular composition, organization and function of the marginal retina. Recent research has identified a subpopulation of multipotential progenitor cells in the ...

COVID-19 has wide-ranging manifestations which involve various organs. Although is known to affect mainly the respiratory system, many patients suffered from ocular following SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially conjunctivitis. However, there was some evidence of broader involvement, could retinal layer. This review aims analyze possible explanation involvement in and whether comorbidities increase...

Retina image processing is greatly required in diagnosing and treatment of many diseases affecting retina. The registration of retina images is very useful in helping physicians to do a reliable diagnosis as composing a complete retina map. This paper is a survey research of retina image techniques, trying to categorize them, making comparison between them for future study and research.

The study of the development vertebrate retina can be addressed from several perspectives: a purely qualitative to more quantitative approach that takes into account its spatio-temporal features, three-dimensional structure and also regulation properties at systems level. Here, we review ongoing transition toward full four-dimensional characterization developing retina, focusing on challenges e...

Retinal O2 utilization was studied to identify the O2 consuming processes in the retina and the spatial distribution of those processes. Neural retina, retinal pigment epithelium and choroid were dissected from the toad eye and superfused with an oxygenated Ringer's solution. Double-barreled microelectrodes were used to measure O2 and local voltage simultaneously within the retina in both light...

Astrocytes are important regulators of blood flow and play a key role in the response to injury disease central nervous system (CNS). Despite having an understanding that structural changes these cells have consequences for local neurovascular physiology, individual astrocyte morphology remains largely unexplored retina. Here, we used MORF3 mice capture full membranous over fifteen hundred astr...

NPY is present in the retina of different species but its role is not elucidated yet. In this work, using different rat retina in vitro models (whole retina, retinal cells in culture, microglial cell cultures, rat Müller cell line and retina endothelial cell line), we demonstrated that NPY staining is present in the retina in different cell types: neurons, macroglial, microglial and endothelial...

[3H]BrdUrd-substituted DNA probes were prepared from organ cultures of differentiating chicken neural retina and cell cultures of stage 24 chicken limb buds. Reassociation reactions using the neural retina probe demonstrated amplification of DNA sequences during differentiation of neural retina. This probe also contained sequences present in greater numbers in heart DNA than in DNA from undiffe...