A series of triaxial compression tests with different confining pressures were conducted for gravels, road surface milling materials, and surface–base mixtures to investigate the stress–strain relationships these three kinds materials. On basis analysis test results, strength deformation geocell-reinforced materials geocell-encased predicted compared those gravels via constitutive model geocell...

The behavior of a reinforced soil system depends on parameters such as the structural geometry, execution steps, density and mechanical properties soil, reinforcement materials, deformation, flexural stiffness materials. A critical parameter in design soil-nailed is optimal use materials with respect to cost. It necessary find an that cost-effective within affecting nailed system. common proble...

Abstract Due to their multiple uses and structural challenges they outline during normal circumstances seismic events, retaining walls constitute an important concern for civil engineers. Design of these structures requires accurate determination lateral earth pressure under various conditions. Considering the dynamical action excitation, total cohesion-less soil backfills is often estimated by...