Consider a congested urban logistics network with one depot and many geographically dispersed retailers facing demands at constant and deterministic rate over a period of planning horizon, but the lead time is variable due to traffic congestion. All stock enters the logistics network through the depot and from where it is distributed to the retailers by a fleet of vehicles. In this paper, we pr...

In this paper we consider a 1-warehouse, N-retailer inventory system where demand occurs at all locations. We introduce an inventory model which allows us to set different service levels for retailers and direct customer demand at the warehouse. For each retailer a critical level is defined, such that a retailer replenishment order is delivered from warehouse stock if and only if the stock leve...

This study considers a reliable location – inventory problem for a supply chain system comprising one supplier, multiple distribution centers (DCs), and multiple retailers in which we determine DCs location, inventory replenishment decisions and assignment retailers to DCs, simultaneously. Each DC is managed through a continuous review (S, Q) inventory policy. For tackling real world conditions...

inventory control is one of the most important issues in supply chain management. in this paper, a three-echelon production, distribution, inventory system composed of one producer, a set of wholesalers and retailers is considered. costumers' demands can be approximated by a normal distribution and the inventory policy is a kind of continuous review (r, q). in this paper, a model based on ...

We study a supply chain with one supplier and many retailers that face exogenous endcustomer demands. The supplier and the retailers all try to minimize their own inventory-related costs. In contrast to the retailers’ newsvendor type ordering behavior (under which retailers may place orders freely in every period), we propose two scheduled ordering policies: Scheduled Balanced Ordering Policy (...

We consider a distribution problem in which a product has to be shipped from a supplier to several retailers over a given time horizon. Each retailer defines a maximum inventory level. The supplier monitors the inventory of each retailer and determines its replenishment policy, guaranteeing that no stockout occurs at the retailer (Vendor Managed Inventory policy). Every time a retailer is visit...

Uncertainties inherent in customer demands make it difficult for supply chains to achieve just-in-time inventory replenishment, resulting in loosing sales opportunities or keeping excessive chain-wide inventories. In this paper, we propose two adaptive inventory-control models for a supply chain consisting of one supplier and multiple retailers. The one is a centralized model and the other is a...

This paper develops a Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) model for a two-level supply chain comprised of one vendor and several non-competing retailers in which both the raw material and the finished product have different deterioration rates. It is assumed that the market demand for the finished product is deterministic and price sensitive. The proposed inventory model optimizes the retail price, ...

The effective management of supply chains depends upon the ability of decision makers to control inventory while maintaining customer service at low cost. This paper examines an analytical model for the two-echelon one warehouse and multiple retailers system using (R, Q) inventory policies. A simulation model was developed to analyze the performance of the analytical model under conditions that...

The Inventory Location-Routing Problem with deterministic demand can be seen as an approach to both optimize a supply chain design and minimize its operational costs. This problem considers that vehicles might deliver products to more than one retailer per route and that inventory management decisions are included for a multi-depot, multi-retailer systemwith storage capacity over a discrete tim...