Controlled currents were used to study possible functions of voltage-sensitive, outwardly rectifying conductances. Results were interpreted with linearized Hodgkin-Huxley theory. Because of their more hyperpolarized resting potentials and lower impedances, type I hair cells require larger currents to be depolarized to a given voltage than do type II hair cells. "Fast" type II cells, so-called b...

It has been known for over a decade that sialidase (neuraminidase) treatment could substantially enhance the capacity of resting B cells to stimulate the proliferation of allogeneic and antigen specific, syngeneic T cells. Thus, cell-surface sialic acid was implicated as a potential modulator of immune cell interaction. However, little progress has been made in either identifying explicit roles...

Detailed cytological changes that accompany the rejuvenation of resting cells o/'Melosira granulata were studied with the electron microscope. Dormant and viable cells that we previously classified as the condensed state generally contain definable chloroplasts, mitochondria, a nucleus and other cytoplasmic remnants. However, there appears to be a continuous cytoplasmic degradation spectrum and...

Objectives: Wheelchairs are the prime mobility aid of persons with spinal cord injuries. Manual wheelchair propulsion puts a lot of demand on the cardiopulmonary as well as the skeletal system. The main purpose of the study was to compare the effects of both arm ergometry training and progressive resistance exercise training of upper limbs on resting heart rate and distance covered during wheel...

Direct evidence for a specific K(+) channel underlying the resting membrane potential in glomus cells of the carotid body has been absent. The product of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) produces inward rectifier currents that are known to contribute to the resting membrane potential in other neuronal cells. The goal of the present study was to determine whether carotid body glomus c...

This overview provides the basic information needed to understand, choose, and use fluorescent bioelectricity reporters (FBRs), where bioelectricity is defined as cell processes that involve ions or ion flux. While traditional methods of measuring these characteristics are still valid and necessary, the utility of FBRs has facilitated measurement of these properties under circumstances that are...

Recently we showed that upon transfer of growing Mycobacterium smegmatis into saline, the bacilli exited the canonical cell division cycle and formed septated multi-nucleoided cells. Under shock starvation (i.e., in saline without any carbon source), differentiation terminated at this stage with internally remodeled Large Resting Cells (LARCs). Whereas under gentle starvation (i.e., in saline w...

Removal of extracellular calcium may result in depolarization of the resting cell membrane potential. This has been attributed to the stabilizing action of calcium on the ionic permeability of the cell membrane. It is unknown whether this phenomenon is exclusively mediated by extracellular calcium or through associated changes in intracellular calcium. To examine this, we exposed rat aortic smo...