It is well-established that we can pick up action effect associations when acting in a free-choice intentional mode. However, it is less clear whether and when action effect associations are learnt and actually affect behavior if we are acting in a forced-choice mode, applying a specific stimulus-response (S-R) rule. In the present study, we investigated whether response selection difficulty im...

Four experiments examined motivational effects of response-contingent electric shocks on action initiation. Although the shock was unambiguously aversive for the individual in line with subjective and functional criteria, results showed that the shock-producing action was initiated faster relative to a response producing no shock. However, no facilitation effect was found when strong shocks wer...

objectives: nouns and verbs are the central conceptual linguistic units of language acquisition in all human languages. while the noun-bias hypothesis claims that nouns have a privilege in children’s lexical development across languages, studies on mandarin and korean and other languages have challenged this view. more recent cross-linguistic naming studies on children in german, turkish, engli...

Recent investigations into how action affects perception have revealed an interesting "action effect"-that is, simply acting upon an object enhances its processing in subsequent tasks. The previous studies, however, relied only on manual responses, allowing an alternative stimulus-response binding account of the effect. The current study examined whether the action effect occurs in the presence...

Objectives: Nouns and verbs are the central conceptual linguistic units of language acquisition in all human languages. While the noun-bias hypothesis claims that nouns have a privilege in children’s lexical development across languages, studies on Mandarin and Korean and other languages have challenged this view. More recent cross-linguistic naming studies on children in German, Turkish,...

hydroalcoholic extract of pycnocycla spinosa was shown to have spasmolytic action in vitro and antidiarrhoeal effect in vivo . the hydroalcoholic extract of p. spinosa is composed of alkaloid, flavonoid and saponin components. alkaloid fraction of p. spinosa contains the most active constituents. therefore, the aim of this research was to separate different fractions of alkaloid extract of p. s...

According to ideomotor theories, intended effects caused by a certain action are anticipated before action execution. In the present study, we examined the question of whether action effects play a role in cued task-switching. In our study, the participants practiced task-response-effect mappings in an acquisition phase, in which action effects occur after a response in a certain task context. ...

Actions have been assumed to be cognitively represented by codes of relevant action features. Six experiments investigated whether irrelevant action features--conditioned response-contingent auditory events--are also coded and integrated into action codes. Subjects responded to visual stimuli by pressing a left-versus right-hand button or by touching a single key once versus twice. Responses pr...