Though several antivirals have been developed and marketed to treat influenza virus infections, the development of antiviral agents with clinical activity against other respiratory viruses has been more problematic. Here we review the epidemiology of respiratory viral infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts, examine the evidence surrounding the currently available antivirals f...

in the last few years many chemically injured patients have been visited throughout the country in order to investigate the late respiratory complications of sulfur mustard. 35 patients who were previously admitted for mustard poisoning underwent complete clinical examination as well as spirometry, fiberoptic bronchoscopy (fob), bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), and trans bronchial lung biopsy (tbl...

guiding vehicles to their destination under dynamic traffic conditions is an important topic in the field of intelligent transportation systems (its). nowadays, many complex systems can be controlled by using multi agent systems. adaptation with the current condition is an important feature of the agents. in this research, formulation of dynamic guidance for vehicles has been investigated based...

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its specific respiratory pathology has generated extensive research that highlighted the nature of disease (COVID-19). Thrombotic processes in macrocirculation microcirculation were among first reported, accompanying (pulmonary) manifestations. Of COVID-19 complications, thrombosis venous system (venous pulmonary embolism) atrial (stroke) are most numerous s...

Postoperative pulmonary complications are responsible for significant increases in hospital cost as well as patient morbidity and mortality; respiratory muscle dysfunction represents a contributing factor. Upper airway dilator muscles functionally resist the upper airway collapsing forces created by the respiratory pump muscles. Standard perioperative medications (anesthetics, sedatives, opioid...

The gas chromatographic determination of volatile organic anaesthetic agents in blood and in respiratory gases is described. The analysis in blood is based on a head space technique. Sampling of inspired and end-tidal gases is carried out by means of a system including a gas sampling valve.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an infectious with various clinical presentation from asymptomatic to severe pneumonia and death. It caused by the infection of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). One important mechanisms that underlies COVID-19 oxidant-antioxidant imbalances owing inflammatory response excessive oxidative stress. The antioxidant defense system plays a...

During gastrointestinal endoscopy, patients may reach a level of sedation that is deeper (i.e. deep sedation) than intended to be (i.e. moderate sedation). In such cases the ability to restore respiratory and cardiovascular function is critical. Supportive measures should be combined with administration of specific pharmacologic antagonists in cases of imminent ventilatory failure. Naloxone rap...

Respiratory RNA viruses are constantly evolving, thus requiring development of additional prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. Harnessing the innate immune system to non-specifically respond to viral infection has the advantage of being able to circumvent viral mutations that render the virus resistant to a particular therapeutic agent. Viruses are recognized by various cellular receptors, ...