This article is about the development of the trauma field over the last 20 years from an organizational perspective, and about trauma from a global, culture-sensitive perspective. My professional career is very closely linked to the development of the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS) in the 1990s. Later on, I was fortunate enough to witness, and contribute to, the Internati...

How cells generate a single axis of polarity for mating, division, and movement is unknown. In this issue, Howell et al. (2009) use a synthetic biology approach to demonstrate that rapid competition for a soluble signaling component (Bem1) is essential to ensure a unique axis of polarity in budding yeast.

In this paper we examine the simultaneous solution of a set of image transformations with the goal of creating a globally optimal image mosaic. We examine an alternative parameterization of the full projective matrix transformation that leads to elimination of independent skew and aspect ratio parameters for each image. We also create a scale-free distance error metric which prevents the tenden...

1036 10 MARCH 2017 • VOL 355 ISSUE 6329 and Bachan developed a model of seawater chemistry and pH over time scales exceeding ~100 million years. Their highly robust probabilistic history of seawater pH and chemistry reflects evolving properties of Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, and crust. Seawater pH increased from early Archean values of ~6.5 to 7.0 to more recent values of ~7.5 to 9.0 mostly as ...

Rapid progress has been made towards question answering (QA) systems that can extract answers from text. Existing neural approaches make use of expensive bidirectional attention mechanisms or score all possible answer spans, limiting scalability. We propose instead to cast extractive QA as an iterative search problem: select the answer’s sentence, start word, and end word. This representation r...

We consider branching random walks built on Galton-Watson trees with offspring distribution having a bounded support, conditioned to have n nodes, and their rescaled convergences to the Brownian snake. We exhibit a notion of “globally centered discrete snake” that extends the usual settings in which the displacements are supposed centered. We show that under some additional moment conditions, w...

Sharing schemas is a shortcut to data interoperability, while in grid environments there are many difficulties such as schema disagreements and schema evolutions. We propose a new ”mappings first, schemas later” schema model, named Grid Schema. The Grid Schema uses the idea of context-free mapping to modularize schemas and its translation rules. This is incorporated into its schema validation m...